Henry Clays American System Economic Plan

The American System was a program for economic development championed in the era following the War of 1812 by Henry Clay, one of the most influential members of Congress in the early 19th century. Clays idea was that the federal government should implement protective tariffs and internal improvements and a national bank should help develop the nations economy. Clays basic argument for the program was that by protecting American manufacturers from foreign competition, ever-increasing internal markets would spur American industries to grow.  For example, companies in the Pittsburgh region could sell iron to manufacturers on the East Coast, replacing iron imported from Great Britain. Various other regions of the country sought protection from imports that could undercut them in the marketplace. Agriculture and Manufacturing Clay envisioned a diversified American economy in which agricultural interests and manufacturers would exist side by side. Essentially, he saw beyond the argument of whether the United States would be an industrial or agricultural nation. It could be both, he insisted. When he advocated for his American System, Clay focused on the need to build growing home markets for American goods. He contended that blocking cheap imported goods would ultimately benefit all Americans. Nationalist Appeal His program  had strong nationalist appeal. Developing home markets would protect the United States from uncertain foreign events. Self-reliance could ensure that the nation was protected from shortages of goods caused by distant conflicts. That argument resonated strongly, especially in the period following the War of 1812 and Europes Napoleonic Wars. During those years of conflict, American businesses suffered from disruptions. The ideas put into practice included building the National Road, Americas first major highway; chartering the Second Bank of the United States, a new national bank, in 1816; and passing the first protective tariff the same year. Clays American System was essentially in practice during the Era of Good Feelings, which corresponded with the presidency of James Monroe from 1817 to 1825. Controversy Arises Clay, who had served as a representative and senator from Kentucky, ran for president in 1824 and 1832, advocating extending the American System. But by that time sectional and partisan disputes made aspects of his plans controversial. Clays arguments for high tariffs persisted for decades in various forms but often met with stiff opposition. In the late 1820s, tensions over the role the federal government should play in economic development escalated to the point that South Carolina threatened to withdraw from the Union over a tariff in what became known as the Nullification Crisis. Clays American System was perhaps ahead of its time. The general concepts of tariffs and internal improvements became standard government policy in the late 1800s. Clay ran for president in 1844 and remained a potent force in American politics until his death in 1852. He, along with Daniel Webster and John C. Calhoun, became known as the Great Triumvirate of the U.S. Senate.

Essay on Use of Computers in Medicine - 919 Words

Uses of Computers in the Medical Field By: Tashauna Roberts Introduction In today’s society, there is a wide range of computer use. Almost everywhere you go today you are required to have some sort of basic understanding of how a computer is operated. In my report, I am going to tell you how computers are used in the field of medicine. There is a wide variety of use and need for a computer in the medical field. Their uses include storing patient related data, scanning and imaging the body, and assisting speedy communications. Some of the main points I will be discussing is why Health Care Professionals use computers, where computers are used in the Health Care System , and Computer Assisted Surgery. Computers are used by Health†¦show more content†¦In larger office and hospital settings, they also control patient flow, keeping track of who is in which room or bed, and which rooms and physicians are available for routing patients. Hospital monitoring equipment is usually based on computer programming. Patient monitoring equipment is comput ers that leave the physician free to perform other duties. Emergency alarms, bed beeping systems, pacemakers, life support systems that monitor and look after patients, and X-ray machines are all examples of equipment using computer technology. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and computer tomography (CT) use computer software. High resolution images are achieved with the use of computers and infrared cameras. Computers are also used in the medical field for Computer Assisted Surgery (CAS). The most important component of computer assisted surgery is to get an accurate model of the patient. This can be done like I said previously with a MRI, CT Scan, or Ultrasound. The final objective is the creation of a 3D dataset that reproduces the exact geometrical situation of the normal and pathological tissues and structures of that region. Of the available scanning methods, the CT is preferred, because MRI data sets are known to have volumetric deformations that may lead to inaccuracies. (As cited in biomed.brown.edu/Courses/BI108/BI108_2005_Groups/04/) Computer assisted surgery is the beginning of a revolution in surgery, it makes a huge difference in highShow MoreRelatedImportance of Computers in Medicine794 Words   |  4 PagesComputers play a key role in almost every sphere of life. They facilitate storage of huge amounts of data, they enable speedy processing of information and they posse ss an inbuilt intelligence, which if supplemented with human intellect, can work wonders. Owing to their intelligence and speed, computers function on a level close to that of the human brain. Computers can hence be employed in different fields like engineering, data processing and storage, planning and scheduling, networking, educationRead MoreEssay about Computers in the Medical Field1420 Words   |  6 Pagesâ€Å"Computers play a key role in almost every sphere of life† (Berry, Terrie). Without them, everything would be different. People all around the world own or used a computer. Whether you are a professional in technology or just an average person, computers are still very important in your everyday life. â€Å"No other technology has accessed the world like computers and the use of the Internet have† (Maddox, Amanda). Without computers, consumers would not be able to do half the things as quickly as we canRead MoreThe Impact of Computer Science on Health Care Medicine1283 Words   |  6 PagesImpact of Computer Science on Health Care amp; Medicine Abstract Computer science can be defined as the systematic study of algorithmic processes, their theory, design, analysis, implementation and application. Its functions in the modern society today expand far beyond the uses one could even begin to imagine. Specifically, there is an increased influence in its practical application in the field of medicine. In recent times, an interdependent relationship between medicine and technologyRead MoreUse of Computers in Education1199 Words   |  5 PagesUse of Computers in Education Computers have become an inseparable part of our lives to a great extent. Particularly in the field of education, their uses are manifold. Let us understand them further. Over the years, computers have changed the way the world works. They have proved to be an asset not only for the corporate sector, but also in other sectors such as medicine, architecture, communication, research, sports and education. Speaking of which, computers have taken over the field of educationRead More Computers In Medical Field Essay971 Words   |  4 Pagesall live in an age of technology and science. The use of technology and science has revolutionized our way of life. There are few things in history that have influenced our lives more than a computer. Today, there cannot be any field that is absent of the influence of computer applications. From farming to rocket science, computers have a huge role to play. The use of the computer has been on the increase for some time in many fields. Medicine is one of the many fields that have made tremendousRead MoreHistory of Engineering1060 Words   |  5 Pagesthe pyramid constructions. Different civilizations used engineering in different ways. Ancient Greece made machines in both public and military fields. Archimedes was known for the creation of the Antikythera mechanism, which was the first known computer model. Archimedes was a Greek who lived from 287 BC - 212 BC. Archimedes also takes credit for the invention of gears. Chinese and Roman armies made complex machines such as the catapult. Imhotep was known for his develpoments on bridges. ImhotepRead MoreComputer Invention And Its Effect On The Human Body1350 Words   |  6 Pagespractice of medicine, nurses would have to constantly measure the patient’s statistics, and even so, they could never be completely accurate or up to date because of miscalculations and the conditions of the human body. But ever since the 1950s when Dr. Homer Warner and several engineers first constructed a â€Å"circuit,† or basic computer, the technology has continued to evolve in medicine, including the many monitors and sensors every patient wears now, in addition to the actual computer invention inRead MoreEssay on The Vital Role of Computers in Modern Healthcare1596 Words   |  7 Pages Computers are mainly used for medical education and clinical care. Computers are an excellent source of storage for patient data and history. They also allow people to access important information much faster. Centuries ago, ppeople did not have computers. Instead, they had to write eve rything down by hand. By writing the information down, doctors easily lost important patient history. Now, with computers, doctors can type the information and the data is easily stored. The data is also much easierRead MoreTechnology in Medicine758 Words   |  3 Pages Technology in medicine has been evolving for over a fifty decades. It has changed and is still changing the way medicine is being practiced. The pace of how technology has had an impact on medicine differs worldwide. In the third world countries the introduction of technology has been slow compared to first world countries. We cannot deny the prowess of medical technology and how the crucial it is for the people’s health and the society. There are disadvantages and advantages that technology hasRead MoreComputer Information Systems And Nursing Practice1088 Words   |  5 PagesComputer Information Systems and Their Application to Everyday Nursing Practice The use of information technologies (IT) in the health care setting has become pervasive in many countries, and governments around the globe resume to finance in the implementation of IT systems. These clinical systems include a variety of functions, comprising medication administration, order entry, radiological/laboratory results viewing, clinical documentation, and decision-making ability. Introduction of IT in a hospital

The Past Occurrences Of African Americans - 1202 Words

Throughout the past occurrences of African Americans, several recurring themes are prevalent. These themes shape their past and signify patterns that may be correlated to other topics in history. Trial and error proved highly pervasive in the history of African Americans as much of their progression in society stemmed from several unsuccessful attempts that eventually resulted in victory. Slave revolts, pleas for emancipation, and bids for equal rights were never initially successful when they involved violence. Each early attempt failed quite miserably, however, those who persevered learned from past failures of violent displays, and eventually found success if they were to approach it appropriately. From its conception, the horrific†¦show more content†¦The successful uprising sent waves of hope throughout the United States, in hopes that similar success would be experienced. However, many never developed, or failed before fruition. This theme continued well beyond the era of Haitian inspired riots. One of the most famous rebellions, Nat Turner’s Insurrection, proved just that. Turner, a Virginian slave, alleged he had biblical visions that incited him to believe God â€Å"called on him to lead a rebellion† (Clayborne 173). On August 22, 1831, He led a rebellion with â€Å"sixty avenging slaves† (Clayborne 174) first overtaking his master, then moved onto the town of Jerusalem, mercilessly killing fifty-five civilians. Shortly thereafter, his militia was overthrown by the White forces. Turner actually evaded them for over a month, but eventually was found and executed. Turner’s rebellion shocked slaveholders, and resulted in tighter restricti ons on slaves. Free and enslaved African Americans were barred from spreading the gospel to prevent such a religiously affiliated rebellion like Nat Turner’s. In the United States, a slave-led rebellion would not be possible. With each attempt, the slaves would inevitably be overpowered with each attempt, resulting in failure. They knew if they were to ever be freed from slavery, it would need to by other means. After the realization that fruitless violent rebellions accomplished nothing, Blacks in America turned to political methods

Persuasive Essay On Junk Food - 944 Words

While deciding what to eat one night when I was left to fend for myself I came to the realization: if I wanted something healthy I am going to have to spend more money to get the same amount of food of a meal of unhealthy food. I decided on either getting a salad from subway (starting at around 6.50 depending on what type of meat you choose and an extra 1.50-2.50 for a drink) that usually fills me up for an hour and then I am rummaging around for something else. Or a fill up meal from KFC (starting at around 5.76 and comes with fried chicken, potatoes, biscuit, a cookie, and a drink). Being the â€Å"college student† I am, a couple dollars can mean if I am in the hole this month or not. So, naturally I tend to go with the cheaper option. Also,†¦show more content†¦The difference of how we eat from a personal experience is surprisingly noticeable. When I work a lot of days in a row I tend to eat mac and cheese cups, fruit snacks, and really anything else that is easy t o stuff into my face in my small amount of down time. By the end of the day I am sluggish, more than likely crabby, and I tend to feel sick. When I am able to actually get real food in during the day, I am always way better off and have a lot more energetic as the day goes one. Tomm says, â€Å"A diet filled with fried foods soaked in unhealthy saturated fats and trans fats and high-fat meats increases your risk for major diseases that impair your physical well being and threaten your life.† So if eating healthier food decreases our chances of getting these terrible diseases (type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular disease, cancer, etc.), why do we still keep eating them. For some people they like the way it taste, but for others (like our lower-class population) it is the fact that they just cannot afford to do so. The question that plays through my mind like a bad commercial jingle is, â€Å"Does healthier food really cost that much more than other foods?† Journalist Tara Parker-Pope says in her article, â€Å"Money is Tight, andShow MoreRelatedPersuasive Essay On Junk Food787 Words   |  4 Pagesproblem. Junk food and other snacks that provide little nutritional value are accepted as a major contributor to the problem, especially for children who may be exposed to advertisements for junk food on television and at school. The first step in conquering the obesity epidemic is not banning junk food outright in schools. Instead, we must focus on educating young children about making healthy decisions, not just about diet, but also about physical activity. Banning or taxing junk food heavilyRead MorePersuasive Essay On Junk Food2000 Words   |  8 Pagesalive and well, but most food nowadays is not even considered a healthy option yet we still consume it. The reason behind that is junk food simply tastes better because it is faster, cheaper, and easier to consume. Many people that are actually watching what they are eating are pushing the government relentlessly to have the unhealthy food that people love and enjoy more expensive so they can ultimately just give up and start paying for the cheaper alternative, healthy food. Countries outside of theRead MorePersuasive Essay On Junk Food1138 Words   |  5 PagesAs a nation, Americans revel in the consumption of junk food. These extremely unhealthy foods are often present during many various occasions, such as sports events, movies, and parties. When a person craves a quick snack, junk food is the ideal solution. However, beyond the satisfying taste of foods such as Doritos and potato chips lies a very serious problem. These foods can lead to physical disrepair, sickness, and even death. Yet many Americans remain oblivious to this nationwide issue andRead MoreMega Marketing : The Extraordinary Science Of Addictive Junk Food1679 Words   |  7 Pagesâ€Å"The Extraordinary Science of Addictive Junk Food†, Moss examines the science behind food industry corporations and how scientist study which design and taste addict their consumers, correlating the effects towards the obesity epidemic. Moss proves that mega-marketing is a science that aims at the buyers psychology, making their taste buds crave the product, and their sense of sight attracted to appeasing packaging. Relating to Moss’s beliefs, Ethan Watters essay, â€Å"The Mega-Marketing of Depression inRead MorePersuasive Essay Topics1228 Words   |  5 Pages101 Persuasive Essay Topics By: Mr. Morton Whether you are a student in need of a persuasive essay topic, or a teacher looking to assign a persuasive essay, this list of 101 persuasive essay topics should be a great resource. I taxed my brain to create this huge list of persuasive essay topics relevant to todays society, but I believe I am happy with the results. I appreciate any and all comments or feedback. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. 15. 16. 17. 18. 19. 20. 21. 22. 23. 24Read MoreThe Effects Of Television On Childhood Obesity1337 Words   |  6 PagesThe Effects of Television on Childhood Obesity Essay It is evident that the rate of obesity is steadily increasing in North America and has reached an all-time high (Novonty 2015). This is due to the lack of physical activity, increased consumption level of unhealthy foods, and the prominent amount of exposure to media such as Television (TV). Although TV has not been proven to be a direct cause for obesity, it does however contribute to the development of children and adolescence obesity due toRead MoreFast Food1145 Words   |  5 PagesRamandeep Singh Mrs. Vinson October 23, 2012 English 1001 Essay 2 Draft 3 Fast food Obesity is an epidemic that is sweeping over the United States today. It’s affecting both adults and children. With the increase in fast food availability and a decrease in the time most Americans have to prepare nutritious meals at home, it’s obvious why more people are eating at fast food restaurants. Obesity is a growing problem in the United States and more and more children are being affected. But do uneducatedRead MoreArgumentative Essays About Obesity1560 Words   |  7 Pagesthemselves to get that far into bad health(obesity)? (might be more of a Psychology question though..) A good one for looking at arguments relating to the fast food industry is Super-Size me that documentary, that might give you some more ideas about arguments, to look into some of the issues that Morgan Spurlock touches on, (size of food portions, advertising, health related problems of obesity, etc..) Obesity in AmericaWhen people think about health what usually comes up is cancer, or some kindRead More Controversial Television Advertising Essay1498 Words   |  6 PagesControversial Television Advertising We all know from our personal experience that one person’s idea of something offensive often differs from another’s. This essay is to determine the consequences towards negative advertising towards certain controversial products/services and why they are so offensive. All major media organizations need advertising to exist, thats how they pay their bills. At the same time, though, each organization sets its own advertising standards. Some ads a media companyRead MoreOn-Demand Performance Assessment : Argument And Information / Research Writing979 Words   |  4 Pageswhich you have strong feelings. You will have exactly forty-five minutes to write an opinion or argument text in which you’ll write your opinion or claim and tell reasons why you feel that way. When you do this, draw on everything you know about essays, persuasive letters and reviews. Youll need to plan, draft, revise, and edit in one sitting. In your writing make sure you: Write an introduction Elaborate with a variety of information Organize your writing Use transition words Write a conclusion Argument

Major Depression And Its Effects On Social Involvement

Major Depression Depression is one of the most common therapeutic topics. There are many effects that lead to major depression and thus require distinctive therapy methods. It is a mood disorder that is associated with the body, emotions and thoughts (Hoeksema and rector, 2011). In order for a person to be diagnosed with major depression, they must show at least 4 symptoms from any of the 4 categories; such as mood changes, cognitive changes, physical changes, and behavior changes; and must have experience of depression for 2 weeks. These symptoms arise overtime and thus it is very crucial to determine the outcome and the solution for depression. Even though the main cause of depression is biology, social factors help derive stress that lead to depressive moods because of situations that people face which then supports the other etiologies. Through this essay I will discuss the social stress that causes depression through social involvement, relationships with close individuals, and stress from work. Secondly, how parental teaching affects the child’s thought process and in the way the child learns to deal with situations. Thirdly, past traumatic events that influences self-esteem, thought process in particular situations and other effects on depression. Finally why social etiology explains depression more effectively over the biological and psychological etiologies. As people carry on their everyday routine, different situations come cross their way. There are manyShow MoreRelatedOverview of American History Since Civil War1235 Words   |  5 PagesAmerican History since Civil War Name Professor Institution Course Date American History since Civil War Identify at least two (2) major historical turning points in the period under discussion. There are several historical turning points in the History of the United States of America since the aspect of the civil war. One of the essential historical turning points is the end of the cold war in 1989 thus falling of the Berlin war. Another historical turning point is the aspect of the digitalRead MoreThe Etiology, Prevalence Rates, And Symptoms Of Major Depressive Disorder1633 Words   |  7 Pagesfar, I have learned that Depression is a serious illness that affects a person’s interpersonal and occupational functioning which includes working, eating, sleeping, studying, or enjoying friends and activities. On occasion, everyone has feelings of sadness, being down, or feeling â€Å"blue†; however, depression is marked by chronic lack of functioning on a daily basis with no resolve. For this paper, I will thoroughly examine the etiology, prevalence rates, and symptoms of Major Depressive Disorder. InRead MoreA Stress And Coping Theory Proposed That Stress From Soc ial And Environmental Factors1308 Words   |  6 Pages A stress and coping theory proposed that stress from social and environmental factors underlie how detrimental romantic relationships can be on young female’s mental health (Brooks-Gunn Warren, 1989). This suggests that females maturing earlier than males, are genetically pre-disposed to be vulnerable to stress during this period. Research has found that females carrying a specific short allele are genetically predisposed to depression, following stress-related incidences. This is because theRead MoreEssay on Depression System vs Medical1168 Words   |  5 PagesDepression in children Medical vs. System Approach Donnie Dwyer CCMH/565 DEBRA FARRELL Depressive disorders during youth occur frequently. During childhood there are an estimated one to two percent of children between the ages of six and twelve that have a Major depressive disorder. That rate changes to two to five percent in adolescents or ages thirteen to eighteen. Fourteen to twenty five percent of youth experiences at least one episode of major depression before adulthood. Depression hasRead MoreThe Mental Health Guide : Steps And Overcome Depression1282 Words   |  6 PagesThe Mental Health Guide: Steps to Overcome Depression Almost 20 million people in United States suffer from depression symptoms every year (Finger 1). Depression is mood disorder that affects how people feelings, thoughts, and their overall sense of well-being. People who suffer from depression typically experience intense feelings of sadness, anxiousness, guilt, hopelessness, and suicidal thoughts. Suicide is the third cause of death for Americans under the age of twenty-one (Gomez and Duman 1)Read MoreMental Health And Child Development1415 Words   |  6 Pageschild maltreatment victims, seventy-five percent are under the age of 12, these children are also at a higher risk for exhibiting delinquent behavior (Whitted al, 2012). Abuse and neglect are two major risk factors that may lead a child to develop long lasting mental health impairments such as depression, low self-esteem and difficulties maintaining relationships in adulthood. Two factors correlating mental health and child development are abuse and neglect. All forms of abuse from physical, sexualRead MoreDepression in the Elderly Essay1261 Words   |  6 PagesDepression in the Elderly Depression later in life frequently coexists with other medical illnesses and disabilities. In addition, advancing age is often accompanied by loss of key social support systems due to the death of a spouse or siblings, retirement, and/or relocation of residence. Because of their change in circumstances and the fact that theyre expected to slow down, doctors and family may miss the diagnosis of depression in elderly people, delaying effective treatment. As a resultRead MoreAmerican Foreign Policy in World War II Essay examples1626 Words   |  7 Pagesexamine four major objectives of U.S. foreign policy that have persisted throughout the twentieth century and will discuss the effect of each on our nationamp;#8217;s recent history, with particular focus on key leaders who espoused each objective at various times. In addition, I will relate the effects of American foreign policy objectives, with special attention to their impact on the American middle class. Most importantly, this pa per will discuss Americaamp;#8217;s involvement in WWI, WWIIRead MoreAttention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder And Depression1705 Words   |  7 PagesIntroduction: Working with families, social services workers may see families with a variety of problems. They help families deal with poverty, abuse, and health care concerns or problems. There are variety jobs under the social service category. Some workers might help people find homes, or temporary shelters, while others help families deal with the effects of abuse such as sexual and physical. Other workers might deal with families that are being affected by a health disorder such as mental illnessRead MorePsychology : Human And Emotional Type Of Disorders1734 Words   |  7 Pagestopic of abnormal psychology. Abnormal psychology is and can be thought of as like any other psychology in a way but more specifically it is a psychology that deals with the understanding of mental and emotional type of disorders. As a psychology major you get to look at psychology through many forms, this is done with an objective which prepares you so to see which focus you find or can connect to most, most often f or personal or logical base reasons. A subject or topic that caught my attention

Organizational Behavior for Business Perspectives and Research

Question: Discuss about theOrganizational Behavior for Business Perspectives and Research. Answer: Introduction Organizational behavior gives emphasis on the behavior of the people when they interact with the groups. The organization gives focus on this, so that the goals and objectives can be easily attained. Organizational behavior is an effective approach which is implemented on the workers who are working in the organization. In this report the main concentration is given on the employees attitude and management. The discussion is also made on job satisfaction and organizational commitment by the employees. Impact of attitude which is based on work by considering the behavior Attitude gives emphasis on the behavior pattern of the workers or employees. If it is said that the attitude of a person is based on the behavior then it is considered as a wrong statement. Attitude is taken into consideration as a belief and feelings of a person towards the situation. The person faces many problems in various situations. If we take into consideration the example that the person wants to implement decentralization in the organization but for this the permission is required from the top level management. It is analyzed that the behavior can be changed with the change in situation (Shooshtarian, Ameli and Aminilari, 2013). Attitude is increased by the behavior of the person. If the workers behave in positive way, then they will attain the outcome in a positive manner. Positive behavior attracts more good things towards the person. Attitude is also helpful to convince other person. If you are indulge in selling a product, and then if you have a good attitude then you can induce the person to buy a product. Attitude also helps to decide the things in effective manner. If a person carries a positive behavior then it can be easy for him or her to decide about things in correct way (Farooq, Payaud, Merunka and Valette-Florence, 2014). There are many situations in which the motivation level of other person is enhanced in proper manner, by seeing the work of the person. The work can also be completed easily, if the person carries a positive attitude. Mostly it is analyzed in the organization that people have the feeling of competition between them, so they try to demotivate other people who are in the organiz ation. There are many situations in which the people who have negative behavior change themselves and carry a positive attitude. If one employee behaves in negative manner and from inside he has a positive attitude towards other people, then it can be seen that the attitude do not impact on the behavior of the person (Zohar, 2014). Need of Attitude for an individual Attitude is considered as an essential part which is required to attain the success for an individual. The attitudes are named as a negative attitude and positive attitude. The positive attitude gives enhances the level of motivation and helps the employees or the workers to give their best towards the work. By this the company can easily attain the goals and objectives of the organization (Jehanzeb, Rasheed, and Rasheed, 2013). Negative attitude spoils the surroundings and create conflicts between the individuals. It is very important for a person to carry a positive attitude, so that the goals and objectives of the organization can be attained properly. If a person carries a positive attitude at the workplace, then it is motivating other people and also it helps to attain the objective in effective manner (Togna, 2014). Employees who have appositive attitude are considered the most and good individuals of the organization. If the person behaves in a positive way then the direct imp act will be seen on the working pattern. The working pattern is enhanced efficiently. If the managers have a positive attitude, then the employees will be happy and also give their best towards the work. The problems of the employees or the workers can be solved efficiently. Attitude is changed from person to person and also by position to position. It is very essential for every person to carry a positive attitude with themselves. It will help to attain the success in easy manner. If a person is on the higher position then it is important to have a positive attitude, then only he or she will motivate their subordinates. If the manager has a positive attitude then it can lead to success of the organization and also help to enhance the level of motivation of the employees working in the organization. For the growth of the company, it is required to carry a positive attitude (Bhalerao and Kumar, 2016). Job satisfaction or Organizational Commitment If the candidate is satisfied with the job, then the outcome will be in a positive way. Positive attitude help the organization and the employees to attain the goals and objectives of the company. If the workers are dedicated towards their work, then it can be easily analyzed that they are satisfied with the job. Job satisfaction refers to the level of satisfaction which employees have for their work. It is very essential that the candidate should be motivated towards the working pattern. If the worker working in the organization are not satisfies then it is very difficult for the organization to attain the goals and objectives in proper way. Dissatisfaction is occurred from the negative attitude. If person possess negative, then it can be seen that they are not satisfied with the working pattern (Eren and Hisar, 2016). Organizational commitment gives emphasis to involve the workers in the organization. If the employee is satisfied with the company, then he or she will be dedicated and work efficiently to complete their goals and objectives. The organizational commitment is enhanced if person is satisfied with the working pattern of the company. The characteristics that describe the organizational commitment are: Affective, Continuance and normative commitment (Mowday, Porter and Steers, 2013). Affective commitment is concerned with the psychological concept of the person. Another is Continuance commitment in which the connection is with the cost that is taken into consideration at the time of leaving the company. The last is concerned with normative commitment in which the obligation gives direct impact on the nature and on the company. Job satisfaction is concerned with as an important skill that discloses all the skills that an individual possess. If the employee is not satisfied with the job, th en an individual will not be committed towards the company. So motivation is also an important aspect to enhance the organizational commitment and level of satisfaction of the employees (Canrinus, Helms-Lorenz, Beijaard, Buitink, and Hofman, 2012). Duty of the manager to enhance the commitment level It is analyzed that the obligation and the satisfaction of the company is connected with each other. It is seen that now a days the technology is so updated, that half of the workload is minimized. The technology is also important but human resources play a great role in conducting the day to day activities. Technology helps to save time but the work done by the individual is not replaced. If the company motivate the employees to work in proper way, then it can be easy to attain the goals and objectives of the organization in effective manner. The manager should use motivational theory so that the work can be done in easy way (Lamba and Choudhary, 2013). If the manager takes into consideration the theories, then the productivity of the employee can be enhanced. If the employees have the confidence of conducting the activities in proper way, then it can be easy to accomplish the goals and objectives of the organization. The managers should offer the incentives to the employees so that the work can be conducted effectively. The morale of employee is boosted when the goals and objectives of the organization are attained. It helps the managers to accomplish their targets properly (Brunetto, Teo, Shacklock and Farr?Wharton, 2012). The manager should see that the employees who are working in the organization feel comfortable and happy. If they are happy with their job, then the level of motivation can be enhanced. The manager should give focus on enhancing the responsibility and work satisfaction. The managers should provide happy environment for the workers or the employees, so that the activities that are conducted should be done with efficiency. The directors or managers should help the employees and listen to their problems, so that employee can feel motivated and happy with their work (Dhar, 2015).It is analyzed that if the higher authority give motivation to the employees working in the organization, then it help the employees or the workers to attain the monthly target in proper manner. Motivation is considered as an essential and very important part of the organization. If the employees are not motivated then it is very difficult for the organization to attain the goals and objectives. Motivation enhanc es the profitability and knowledge of the employees who are working in the organization. By taking into consideration the level of motivation the level of commitment between the employees can be enhanced efficiently and in proper way. References Bhalerao, H. and Kumar, S., 2016. Role of emotional intelligence in leaders on the commitment level of employees: A study in information technology and manufacturing sector in India.Business Perspectives and Research,4(1), pp.41-53. Brunetto, Y., Teo, S.T., Shacklock, K. and Farr?Wharton, R., 2012, Emotional intelligence, job satisfaction, well?being and engagement: explaining organisational commitment and turnover intentions in policing Human Resource Management Journal, vol. 22, no.4, pp.428-441. Canrinus, E.T., Helms-Lorenz, M., Beijaard, D., Buitink, J. and Hofman, A., 2012, Self-efficacy, job satisfaction, motivation and commitment: Exploring the relationships between indicators of teachers professional identity, European journal of psychology of education, vol.27, no. 1, pp.115-132. Dhar, R.L., 2015. Service quality and the training of employees: The mediating role of organizational commitment.Tourism Management,46, pp.419-430. Eren, H. and Hisar, F., 2016. Quality of work life perceived by nurses and their organizational commitment level.Journal of Human Sciences,13(1), pp.1123-1132. Farooq, O., Payaud, M., Merunka, D. and Valette-Florence, P., 2014. The impact of corporate social responsibility on organizational commitment: Exploring multiple mediation mechanisms.Journal of Business Ethics,125(4), pp.563-580. Jehanzeb, K., Rasheed, A. and Rasheed, M.F., 2013. Organizational commitment and turnover intentions: Impact of employees training in private sector of Saudi Arabia.International Journal of Business and Management,8(8), p.79. Lamba, S. and Choudhary, N., 2013. Impact of HRM practices on organizational commitment of employees.International Journal of Advancements in Research Technology,2(4), pp.407-423. Mowday, R.T., Porter, L.W. and Steers, R.M., 2013.Employeeorganization linkages: The psychology of commitment, absenteeism, and turnover. Academic press. Shooshtarian, Z., Ameli, F. and Aminilari, M., 2013. The effect of labor's emotional intelligence on their job satisfaction, job performance and commitment.Iranian Journal of Management Studies,6(1), p.29. Togna, G., 2014. Does internal communication to generate trust always increase commitment? A study at Micron Technology.Corporate Communications: An International Journal,19(1), pp.64-81. Zohar, D., 2014. Safety climate: Conceptualization, measurement, and improvement.The Oxford handbook of organizational climate and culture, pp.317-334.

Marketing Strategy for East Coast Trawl

Questions: 1. How should East Coast Trawl be positioned given its strong competitive environment? 2. What competitive advantages can be identified for East Coast Trawl? 3. Outline a suitable marketing strategy to implement the positioning? Answers: Introduction Supply chain design that a company or organization employs is very important in determining how competitive an organization is. Supply chain management is therefore used determining the success of an organization in the market (Shah, 2009). Supply chain management refers to an integrative method of managing the supply and distribution of a companys products in the market. Supply chain management helps the company to costs in the organization as well as helping the company to reach its final consumers. The supply chain design that a company adopts helps it to have a competitive advantage over its rivals. Competitive advantage is defined as the business secret or aspect that is unique in each and every organization which enables it to compete effectively in the market (Pride ferrell, 2010). Given the level of competition in the food industry and precisely the fishing business, it is very important for East Coast Trawl Fisheries to adopt a suitable supply chain design that will help it to compete effectively. 1. Market Positioning Given the characteristics of the company East Coast Trawl, the Michael Porters generic strategies can be applied in positioning the company in the market. Product or market positioning is defined as hoe a customer identifies with that particular brand or product (Tybout Calder, 2010). This simply means what comes to mind of a consumer when he/she hears or sees the product. Positioning is very important in helping the company segment its market. Through market segmentation, the company will be able to target consumers who fit its profile. The makes the marketing of a companies` products much easier and less costly (Quayle, 2006). The competition from imports which are majorly from Asia makes it very necessary for the management of the company to position itself as a cost leader in the market. This is because most of the imports from Asia are cheap due to the fact that their costs of production are low. For this reason, East Coast Trawl Fisheries have to adopt a strategy that will ena ble them to absorb this competition from foreign imports so that it can remain relevant in the market. The company should therefore market and advertise itself as offering the best quality products at the lowest price in the market. 2. Competitive Advantage The competitive advantage possessed by East Coast Trawl Fisheries is its large size compared to its competitors. The company is large in size and this means that it produces the fish in large number. The company can use its size to take advantage of the economies of scale that they experience due to the large scale of production. ECTF should position itself as a cost leader in the market. The cost leadership strategy involved helps a firm in attaining market share or market leadership through appealing to consumers who are sensitive to price of products. This strategy works best where the target population of the company is mainly composed of low income earners (Lamb, Hair Mcdaniel, 2012). This means that their demand or levels of consumption will be greatly influenced by how cheap or expensive the product is. The strategy involves offering the lowest prices in the market while at the same time making profits and achieving high returns on investments (Baines, Fill Page, 2010). This can only be achieved if the company is able to produce at very low cost. This strategy will work perfectly well for East Coast Trawl Fisheries because they incur a large proportion of fixed costs. If the company produces in large scale therefore, the costs will be shared among many units and this will result to a decrease in per unit cost of production and therefore the company will be able to offer its products at a lower price. 3. The cost leadership strategy The cost leadership strategy will help East Coast Trawl Fisheries increase its market share hence solidifying its market leadership position. The disadvantage of this strategy to the company is that the company will not enjoy customer loyalty since customers who are sensitive to price may change their preference once their levels of income increase (Marich, 2013). East Coast Trawl Fisheries can also combine cost leadership marketing strategy with differentiation strategy. This will be made possible by the competitive advantage of the company being able to produce different species of fish which its competitors lack. The company can therefore take advantage of this and differentiate its products. The company can package different varieties differently and sell at different prices. This strategy is however suitable to a market segment that is not sensitive to price (Brenkert, 2008).Since the company operates over a large geographical area, this strategy can work well for (ECTF). The company should segment its market and target areas where peoples levels of income are high. The company should therefore market its products in this segment as being of very high quality and tailor made to cater for the specific needs of consumers. Since the company practices wild catch and farmed aquaculture, differentiation will be very effective to this market. Supply Chain Mapping Supply chain mapping is a process involving tracking the movement of all materials, processes and shipment involved in delivering a product to the market. It involves in accounting for physical flow of goods and the information flow (Kersten, 2011). Use of online supply chain will improve the marketing and delivery of goods by (ECTF). Recommendations (ECTF) should adopt a multi-dimensional marketing strategy in order to cope with rising competition levels. The company should put in place a team to manage marketing and promotional activities of the company in order to make it more competitive. Supply chain mapping should be adopted by the company to help to account for the flow of its products. Information from this process can be used to improve marketing of (ECTF) Conclusion The way a company positions itself or its products is important in determining the success of that organization in the market. This is because the positioning of the product in the market will determine the marketing strategy that the company will adopt. In the face of the increasing competition in many sectors of the economy, marketing is very important to each and every company in order to gain and maintain its market share. Supply chain design is another core competence that a company can use to gain competitive advantage over its rivals. This is achieved through reduction of costs incurred by the company in delivering the product to the final consumer. This will mean that its prices will be low hence its products are more competitive in the market. References: Lamb, C. W., Hair, J. F., McdanieL, C. D. (2012). Essentials of marketing. Mason, ohio, south-western cengage learning. Marich, R. (2013). Marketing to moviegoers: a handbook of strategies and tactics. Carbondale, southern illinois university press. Pride, W. M., Ferrell, O. C. (2010). Marketing. Australia, south western cengage learning. Tybout, A. M., Calder, B. J. (2010). Kellogg on marketing. Hoboken, N.J., Wiley. Http://www.123library.org/book_details/?id=8488. Brenkert, G. G. (2008). Marketing ethics. Malden, ma [u.a.], Blackwell. Baines, P., Fill, C., Page, K. (2010). Marketing. Oxford, oxford university press. Quayle, M. (2006). Purchasing and supply chain management: strategies and realities. Hershey, PA, Idea Group Publ. Kersten, W. (2011). International supply chain management and collaboration practices. Lohmar [u.a.], Eul. Shah, J. (2009). Supply chain management: text and cases. Upper Saddle River, N.J., Pearson Education.