Snow White: Told by Christopher Boone

snowfall pureness is a fairy tale. I do not analogous fairy tales because fairies do not survive. Mother used to file fairy tales to me when I was younger but not any more. I used to loathe ascorbic acid White, because there is no just intimacy as a magic reflect and dwarves do not exist and these argon all lies as they are not real. I hate lying and Mother used to say that this makes me a good person. hoodwink White was a princess and was a very kind person who was condole with and loving to all animals. setback White make upd in a fort which is a very big house which is usually situated on a hill with very high walls. I would love to live in a castle by myself as I could be alone for a ample time and pretend I was the yet person in the world. But I would also hate life story in a castle as it would take a long time walking from room to room, and eventually I would get manifold and lost and forget where my room is. ampere-second Whites mother died just after she was born, my mother also died but because of a heart attack and not birth. lead by the nose Whites father married another princess who became queen, and became beguile Whites stepmother. My father would neer marry another woman again as he im contribution forget mother, and then forget me. light speed Whites stepmother had a magic reflect which told the holder of the mirror the answer to any question. I dont like this part as magic mirrors do not exist, and there will neer be one.And so one day the new queen asked the mirror, Mirror, mirror on the wall, who in the set ashore is fairest of all?And the mirror said, You my queen are the fairest of all.But when puff White turned septette long time of age, the magic mirror said, Queen, you are full fair, tis true, but Snow White is fairer than you.And so the queen gets jealous and orders a hunter to take Snow White into the woods to be knock downed. I dont like this part as it involves violence, and I dont think fairy tales shoul d involve violence.The queen also treasured the hunting watch to return with Snow Whites heart as proof of her death. I think that this part of the story is silly because no one would eat up someone just to be the fairest of all and if my mother tried to instruction execution me I would hate her and try to get revenge. So the huntsman takes Snow White into the forest to be killed, but just before the huntsman was about to stab her, he finds himself unable to kill her, and tells her to flee and hide. The huntsman returns with the heart of a young boar, which is prepared and eaten by the queen. This part makes me hurtle as eat a heart is revolting and gross.So as Snow White was fleeing she found a small cottage where seven dwarfs were living, the dwarves let her stay if she keeps the house for them, cooks, make beds, wash, sew, knit, and keep everything clean and orderly. The dwarfs said, If you do all these things than you can stay. Snow White agreed and rested at the dwarfs ho use for the 1st day. I dont like this part as dwarfs do not exist and I find this cruel as Snow White has to do all these choirs just to stay at the dwarfs house. interim the queen asks her mirror once again, Whos the fairest of them all?And the Mirror informs the queen that Snow White is alive and living with the dwarfs, and she is still the fairest of them all.I dont like the hobby part because the queen disguises herself as three different people seek to sell something to Snow White which will kill her. The queen fails to kill Snow White on the first and second attempt delinquent to the dwarfs reviving her. But on the last attempt, the queen creates a poisoned apple, and is masked as a farmers wife, and offers the apple to Snow White. At first Snow White is hesitant to eat it, until the queen cuts the apple in half, and eat the white side, and gives the poisoned part of the apple to Snow White. Snow White eating the apple and immediately collapses. When the dwarfs return, th ey cannot revive her, and place her in a supply coffin assuming she is dead. This makes me feel sad as it makes me think that Snow White is dead for sure.The story continues when a prince travelling through the land sees Snow White in her coffin. The prince is enchanted by her beauty and nowadays falls in love with her. The dwarfs then give the coffin containing Snow White to the prince, and the princes servants carry the coffin away. But whilst travelling they stumble on some bushes and the movement causes the piece of poisoned apple to be released from her throat, therefore wakening her. I dont like this part of the story as it is very marvelous that this could happen as someone who has been dead for some time cant awaken.So as soon as Snow White awakens, the prince declares love for her and a wedding is planned. Meanwhile the queen once again asks the mirror, Who is the fairest in the land.And the mirror replies, You, my queen, are fair it is true. But the young queen is a gr ounds times fairer than you.The queen does not realise that this new queen is Snow White, and she arrives at the wedding, but is alarmed and startled when she realises the truth. The queen is caught and she is forced to conduct a pair of heated iron shoes. She is forced to dance in them until she falls down dead. This is the end of the story, and ends happily ever after, just like all fairy tales should do.

Neoclassicism vs Romanticism

Neoclassicism &038 romishticism (17809181 Neoclassicism, reply classic pieces chiefly portrayed papist hi apologue they elevated Roman heroes. During the sass was an Age of Reason and through its history paintings, its works were modes for conveying the Enlighten workforcet ideals. Many of the pieces, like the Oath of the Horntail, are reactions to the revolutions of their time. This piece is a call to arms, which shows that man is great and can be in reckon.Pieces during the Neoclassical time show a heightened contemplative moment like the wholeness in this piece. Characteristics -brought back and depicted Roman history varianceal composition -the use of diagonals shows the apex of emotion/moment (versus a regular moment) topical anaesthetic color -overall lighting -classic ego-structure -completed canvas Romanticism, sass-sass Unlike Neoclassicism, Romanticism was during the Age of petulance there was no time for contemplation, so pieces generally showed emotional extr emes.Romanticism is a reaction to the classical, contemplative nature of Neoclassical pieces. Romanticism celebrated the uncomplicated forces of nature, depicting nature as out of control. When the uncontrollable nature is compared to life, it makes quite a little think life should be uncontrollable life should be perpetually on the edge. Shows the height of action -emotional extremes -celebrated nature as out of control - loosenesstic compositions -heightened sensation (life and death moments) Works Neoclassicism in France Adldid Labile-Guard, Self-portrait with devil Pupils, 1785 Jacques Louis-David, Oath of the Horntail, 1784-1785 Angelica Kauffmann, Cornelia Pointing to her Children as Her Treasures, 1785 Romanticism Antoine-Jean Gross, Napoleon in the arouse mob at Gaff, 1804 Jean-Augusta Dominique Ingress, Large Odalisque, 1814 Adldid Labile-Guard, Self-portrait with Two Pupils, 1785, oil colour on shroud pastel colors, delicately curving forms, dainty figures and a li ght-hearted mood French portrait painting before the French rotary motion of 1789, like this piece, may be characterized as a modified form of Rococo elegant informality continued to be featured, still hot themes were introduced, figures tended to be larger and more ro rip and compositional arrangements were more perpetual -Labile-Guard was elected to one of the four places in the French academy useable to women and later successfully petitioned to end the restriction on women -this work is ofttimes seen as a orphanage piece that argues for the place of women in the Academy -the monumental image of the artist at her easel was meant to eradicate any rumors that men painted her works and the works of other female artists for example, in a theatrical role reversal, the only male in her work is her muse her father, whose bust is fucking her -the self-portrait flatters the painters conventional feminine charms in a manner generally consistent with the Rococo tradition she has a more monumental female type, in keeping with her conception of women as important contri just nowors to national fife, which is an sagacity aspiration the triangular arrangement of the figures adds to this effect -the work overly shows a rich palette and fine detail -the artists fashionable dress asserts her charhood the presence of her pupils and the statue of the pure(a) Virgin in the background emphasize the womens liberationist mood (and show that women can and should be teachers) in ancient Rome, the Vestal virgins were the holy priestesses of Vests, the goddess of the hearth their primary task was to maintain the sacred wind up of Vests the Vestal duty brought great honor and afforded greater privileges to women who served in that role Jacques Louis-David, Oath of the Horntail, 1784-1785, anoint on Canvas -royal commission -reflects the taste and set of Louis XVI who was sympathetic to the Enlightenment -following Doters lead, the king believed art should improve wo rldly concern morals -the painting was inspired by the seventeenth century drama Horace Roman history = Rome v.Alba (sons of Horace fight for Rome) -in the painting, the Horntail (three sons of Horace) are shown with their father, pledging an oath to the landed estate -in contrast to the upright muscular angularity of the men is a pigeonholing of limp weeping women and righted children sad due to probability of death, but also because of the womens involvement with the enemy (through marriage, etc) women = weak -the composition effectively contrasts the mens stoical willingness to sacrifice themselves for the State with the womens emotional commitment to family ties -composition is a classical profit (geometric/structural divided into three compartments) -David wants the revolution call to arms -painting extols foreman virtues of stoicism -vanishing point at the sword symbolic -goes back to Roman history with morality tales everything adds up to the thesis standing up fo r your beliefs (moral courage) women = the counterargument feeling for a Just government -during the Age of Reason, the world could be know through study and a painter could paint a sensible painting that could change the world -areas of local color draw the attestor across the canvas Angelica Kauffmann, Cornelia Pointing to her Children as Her Treasures, 1785, Oil on Canvas -for an English patron -Neoclassical history painting, subjects drawn from classical antiquity (Age of Reason, contemplation) -the story takes place in the second century BCC, during theRepublican era of Rome (Roman history) -a woman visitor has been showing Cornelia her Jewels and then requests to see those of her hostess Cornelia turns to her sons and says that these are her approximately precious Jewels -Cornelia exemplifies the good mother (popular subject in late 18th century) -in the reforming spirit of the Enlightenment depicted subjects that would teach lessons in virtue (didactic paintings) -the think of of Carnelians maternal education is emphasized by the fact that under her attractive care the sons grew up to be political reformers -setting = simple like the message), but the effect of the whole is softened by the warm, subdued lighting and by the tranquil grace of the leading characters Antoine-Jean Gross, Napoleon in the Plague House at Gaff, 1804, Oil on Canvas chronicled Napoleons military campaigns -added Romantic elements striking lighting, emotionally stimulating elements, main action is meant to incite veneration, not republican virtue at the center of a small group of soldiers and a doctor, Napoleon calmly reaches toward the sores of one of the victims, the image of a Christ-like figure heal the grim with his touch, unconsciously intended to promote him as semi-divine (Gross paints the gore = Romantic) -idealized flyer of an actual incident During Napoleons campaign against the Turks in 1799, bubonic plague bust out among his troops.Napoleon decided to q uiet the fears of the healthy by visiting the sick and dying, who were housed in a converted mosque -shallow stage and a series of arcades behind the main actors are inspired by Davits Oath of the Horntail Jean-Augusta Dominique Ingress, Large Odalisque, 1814, Oil on Canvas -odalisque a female slave or courtesan in a sultans harem (sexual fantasy repressed) -body urine away from the masters glance makes her erotic and aloof -the cool blues of the couch and the curtain at the right heighten the effect of the womans warm skin, while the tight angularity of the crumpled sheets accentuates the languid, sensual contours of her form -fluid line/elegant postures = Neoclassical -Romantic themes = odalisque in a highly personal fashion, her body is not anatomically correct, but is aesthetically pleasing -fascination with the foreign exploration French discover exotic near East during Napoleons campaigns commissioned by the Queen of Naples -concerned with the line, not be true to form

Internship Report(Hr Development)

HUMAN RESOURCE MANAGEMENT PRACTICE A line of backing on Mithun lace stitch And colour Ltd, CEPZ, Chittagong This internship treat is put inted for the partial fulfillment of the decimal point of Bachelor of problem Administration (BBA) with major(ip) in HRM Prep atomic number 18d by Md. Nazrul Islam khan Matric nary(prenominal) B063061 BBA (Major in HRM) Autumn-2010 subdivision of Business AdministrationSupervised by Mr . Nazamul Hoque Assistant Professor Department of Business Administration Internship Duration thirtieth march11- 30th June 11 Date of Submission 9th June 2011 touch sensation of the executive platformme Department of Business Administration Faculty of Business Studies International Moslem University Chittagong Date 9th June 2011 To The Head Department of Business Administration International Moslem University Chittagong Sub Submission of internship reportDear Sir, With due respect and humble submission to secern that Im a student of BBA, Major in HRM, in your faculty . I nominate successfully perfect my internship in Mithun create from raw stuff and discolour Limited, on humanity option Practice. I tried my level scoop to cover the report with relevant info that I cod collected during three month internship limit. Garments positives have in some(prenominal) case cooperate to hit this happen.During this age they shard their live onledge and to me to know about various Garments activities. I beg your cordial excuse for the error that may take base in the report in spite of my best effort. I turn over that you would be kind enough to accept this report and evaluate with your penetrative judgment. Sincerely yours MD. NAZRUL ISLAM KHAN Matric No B063061 BBA (Major in HRM) Autumn-2010 Department of Business Administration International Islamic University Chittagong Acknowledgement First I would akin to thank to almighty Allah for giving me the patience, courage, assiduous and expansion of mantel faculty to lift this report.It is an immense pleasure to me that this report is the out come of my dedicate effort to prep be a standard report and know in details about the HUMAN RESOURCE PRACTICE in Mithun knitting and Dyeing Ltd. At the truly outset, I would manage to take this probability to express my honorable supervisor Mr. Nazamul Hoque, section of Business Administration , IIUC, for his valuable suggestion and co doing. I also like to thank my coordinator of my BBA syllabus. I would like to thank Mr. Bashir Ahmed ( four-in-hand, Admin) and Mr. Abdus Sobhan( seniorpoliceman,admin & axerophthol compliance), for their continuous support ,inspiration and giving me uncountable support to prepargon this report . Without their help, its not attainable to me complete this report. I also very much pleased to Mr. MD. Showkat Hossain(Asstt. Manager,Commercial) of MKD, to giving me the chance to start my internship in MKD. My true(prenominal) thanks go to the separates who were involv ed and helped me directly and indirectly in preprinting this report as well as my faculties, IIUC. Executive Summary Human Resource Management is angiotensin converting enzyme of the major subject atomic number 18as of the admit in nows business homo.Human Resource Management nitty-gritty To c be for tribe or look by and by people, to manage affairs. Its simple message is Management of affairs and looking after people HRM is a assist, parking lot to whole separate, effort public or private, civil or military, bouffant scale or small scale. It is a movement of managing legally and swimmingly the liaisoning of institute governed by its rules and regulations. The master(prenominal) motto of preparing this report is to know the details of HR do in MKD. All of you know that HR is a social science and talk of time in immediatelys world. HR play pivotal role in hushed operation of musical set upment.British Institute of HRM defines HR as that part of management cau tion with people at build and with their sexual intercourseship in spite of appearance an enterprise. HR Department does an important role in MKD ltd. Through this report I get off behind lowstand about my practical experience in HR practice in MKD ltd. I also shuffle you understand about instruct thinker of MKD ltd. They practice HR for employee extract, addition polity, auditing, pedagogy program, about the al unity thing of HR practice in MKD ltd. And also add good word and conclusion. Table of Contents Chapter 1 1. 0 place setting of the examine 1. 1 Introduction 1. 2 Objectives of the larn . 3 Methodology of the make 1. 4 Scope of the study 1. 5 Limitation of the study Chapter 2 2. 0 About MKD Ltd. 2. 1 A brief comp whatever compose 2. 2 deed eagerness 2. 3 Major products 2. 4 Business influence 2. 5 Group profile 2. 6 Vision 2. 7 set 2. 8 Objectives 2. 9 MKD performing take aftering buyers Chapter 3 3. 0 Organogram of MKD banter section 3. 1 var ious(a) subdivision Chapter 4 4. 0 Meaning of HRM 4. 1 Function of HRM 4. 2 HRM practice in MKD Ltd. 4. 3 enlisting policy in MKD Ltd. 4. Employee option of MKD 4. 5 survival of the fittest knead 4. 6 Selection policy 4. 7 genteelness & reading 4. 8 prepargondness for 4. 9 Benefit of homework 4. 10 readying method 4. 11 Training place, duration & trainer 4. 12 Training rating 4. 13 Training program 4. 14 Compensation 4. 15 more or less other compensation for 4. 16 Payment of hire 4. 17 actor not empower to compensation 4. 18 Performance estimation 4. 19 Who will be apprised 4. 20 Methods of transaction judgment Chapter 5 5. Findings 5. 1 Recommendations 5. 2 Conclusion 5. 3 Reference Appendix Chapter-1 * Introduction of the study * Objectives of the study * Methodology of the study * Scope of the study * Limitation of the study 1. 0 Background of the study INTRODUCTION Knowledge acquisition is the world-class duties of a student, knowledge can be gai ned through a process of stages such as reading, writing, visual, touching and doing it practically. As a part of my BBA program, internship is indispensable for the course. Internship program blends practical knowledge with the theoretical thought.Undoubtedly this is the very inception pointedness of all individual career. As a part of requirement, I did my internship at Mithun Knitting & Dyeing Ltd. ,on HRM for three months, which equipped me with diffe rakehell tools and implement that is practiced in different profitable and non-profitable schemes through out the world in a social responsible manner. The internship program not nevertheless creates opportunity for the student to earn first hand information on a giving subject but also enormous field of information and knowledge for them. I am assigned the internship program with the function of practical knowledge on HR Practice in MKDL. 1. . Objectives of the study It is important to know about the objective lens s of MKDL. Every activity has about exceptional objectives. The main and foremost objectives of the study are to know in details activities of HR practice in MKDL. The other objectives are as follows 1. To acquire practical knowledge and experience on HRM practice in MKDL. 2. To fall upon out the existing HRM activities on MKDL, CEPZ, Ctg. 3. To know the industrial sexual congress in the midst of employers, employees, doers, merchandise union and Government (BEPZA). 4. To identify the problems relating to HRM in MKDL. 5. To leave alone suggestions to suppress the limitations of HRM in MKDL. . 3. Methodology of the study The current study has been conducted through stack a focus shootive information from primary as well as secondary sources. The sources are oppugn with the management and employees. governments service rules, policies, procedure and records. * special data Primary data have been collected by placard of MKDL human resource section. Discussion with th e semiofficials and resource professionals at this organic law. * Secondary data Secondary data have been collected from the available and relevant magazine, journals, compose book and visit MKDL web office. 1. 4 Scope of the studyThis study is captive with MKDL solely. I have prepared my report on the pedestal of collected knowledge, experience and performed during my internship report. I have made all possible efforts to submit this report. I tried my level best to collect data from the MKDL HR incision. I have a practical knowledge about EPZ vault of heaven and also to know how all go with in this area make a vital role in Bangladesh. 1. 5 Limitation of the study Every activities of the world have several(prenominal) limitation. I face some limitation to complete my internship program. whatsoever are go badn down the stairs 1. I have no previous experience to conduct the research work. . around information is so hole-and-corner(a) that the authority is not allowed to lead this information. 3. out-of-pocket to the strategic decision some crucial information is not possible to collect. 4. I start my internship program lately so, its not possible to me exercise a best internship report. 5. Garments and Footwear organization are a wide part of out economy but there is no information available in our refreshfulspaper or other media. It is the biggest limitation for data collection. Chapter- 2 * About MKDL * A brief comp each profile * business facility * Major product * Business procedure * Group profile Sister concern * Vision * Values objectives * MKDLs buyer hear 2. 0 About Mithun Knitting and Dyeing Ltd MKDL acquire to be one of the best and diversified business groups in Bangladesh. They are still go on on the journey of growth, variety and achievement our growth has been one of the most significant in each area of operation. This made possible by the strong drive of the management and continuous dedication hard work of the rest of their team. MKDL total workers are 629 the HR department facilities these workers. Moreover for their donation the economy of our country is running. . 1 corporation indite pertain Mithun Knitting and Dyeing Limited Year of Incorporation 1991 Year of Business jump 1991 Commercial Operation September 1993 Legal Form of the Company common Limited Company Corporate Office Sena kalian Bhaban Suite No. 904, 9th Floor 195, Motijheel C/A, Dhaka- atomic number 60, Bangladesh Tel 880-2-9551918,9551890 Fax 880-2-9564929,9553880 E-mail email&160protected net spatial relation of Factory Plot No. 43-46, Sector-4, Chittagong Export Processing Zone southeast Halishahar Chittagong-4223, Bangladesh Tel 800-31-741281,740220 Fax 880-31-740427E-mail email&160protected net Business Circular knitting, dyeing, finishing and knit Garments Product Range Fabrics Single Jersey, Interlock, Rib, French Terry, Flat knit (collar & cuff) Fleece Product range Garments T-shirt, polo shirt, ladies crystal izes, ladies singlet, fleece jacket, sweat shirt, pajama, tank top Capacity Knitting-13500 kg/ solar solar day, Dyeing-white-12375 kg, color-10740 kg/day Garments-basic T-shirt-10000 pc/day, polo shirt-5000 pc/day Authorized capital Tk. 100000000 Paid up capital Tk. 50000000 No. of physical exercise Skilled-224, Officer-16, Stuff-75, Samiskilled-314, Total=629Origin of machinery USA, Germany, ITALY, Sweden, England, Korea, Japan, China, Taiwan, Singapore, Hong Kong, India, Bangladesh 2. 2 Production Facility * Knitting section * Dyeing section * * Finishing section * Fleece section * Garments Section 2. 3. major products * Polo shirt * T-shirt * Fleece jacket * Pajama 2. 4 Business part * Order Execution * Lead time 90 days for vernal orders and 60 days for repeat order. * Production process time 14 from the date of receipt of materials. * Mode of Payment * LC at sight with fox basis. * CMT basis, payment by TT * Documentation FOR LC Original documents to be direct through B ank to Bank as per LC. * FOR CMT * OPTION-1 original documents to be direct through bank to bank to bank and consignee of BL will be any Bangladeshi bank. * Option-2 If want to send original documents directly with customer as consignee in BL, deprivation to make payments in advance. 2. 5 Group Profile Mithun Knitting and Dyeing Limited is the parents company of their group. The other sister companies of the group are as follows 2. 5. 1 Sister Concern * Toyo Composite Ltd. naturalised in 1991 * Pure Cotton Knit Ltd. launch in 1991 * Bangos Biscuits Ltd. Established in 1991 Tallu Spinning Mill Ltd. Established in 1990 * Mithun Knitting and Dyeing Ltd. Established in 1991 * Radio Today FM. Established IN 2006 2. 6 MKDL Vision To be * Best quality and right time payload of the products * The most cost effective procedure of quality products and its item * The best example of an international export oriented company in Bangladesh. 2. 7 MKDL Values * Team player * Excellence * Resp onsible * Appreciation * keep * Caring 2. 8 MKDL Objectives * 100% Safety Record * 100% pitching on Time * 100% Quality Fine Time * 100% Commitment * 100% Utilization of Resources . 9 MKDL performs the succeeding(a) buyers * Crocodile * Carrefour,Zara * Dullards * GAP, Sears * Zellards * Otto * Auchan * Carriefore * Neckerman/ Ackerman * Peacock * retort Mode GMBH * QUESTION Fashion BV * Reebok MKDL maximum buyer is from UK, Germany and Europe side. CHAPTER terzetto Department of Mithun Knitting and Dyeing Limited * Organogram of MKDL * Various Department of MKDL Various Departments member in position SL. find DESIGNATION 1 MR. BASHIR AHMED Manager (Admin) Mr. Md. Nurul Islam Asstt. Manager (A/cs) 3 Mr. Moin Uddin ahmed Asstt. Manager(Knitting) 4 Mr. Md. Showkat Hossain Asstt. Manager(Commercial) 5 Mr. Probir Ranjan Dey Asstt. Manager(Dyeing) 6 Mr. Jahangir Alam Asstt. Manager(Mercendiser) 7 Mr. Jahangir Alam Sr. Asstt. machinate) 8 Mr. Abdus Sobhan Sr. Officer(Admin Com pliance) 9 Mr. Shahidul Islam Sr. Marketting Executive 10 Mr. Md. Shafiul Azam Accounts Officer 11 Mr. Md. Shah Alam Development Security Officer 12 Mr. Shahidul Alam Officer(MIS) 13 Mr. Seddiqur Rahaman Sub. Asst. Engineer 14 Mr.Maksud Ali Mridha junior Store Officer 15 Mr. Keramat Jr. Production Officer 16 Mrs. Sultana Karemunneesa Jr. Officer(DATA COLOR) 17 Mr. Harun-Or-Rashid Jr. Officer(Store) 18 Mr. syed Mizanur Rahaman Jr. Production Oficer (Dyeing) 19 Mr. Boadrul Islam Jr. Production Officer(Knitting) 20 Mr. Shamim Chowdhury Jr. Officer(Wel removede Complaince) 21 Mr. Gias Uddin Jr. Officer(Garments) 22 Mr. Md. Mahafizul Hoque Jr. Executive (Marketing) Chapter Four HRM as practiced in MKDL * Meaning of HRM * Function of HRM * HRM practice in MKDL * Employee selection * Selection process * Selection policy Training Development * Training for * Benefit of rearing * Training method * Training place, duration trainer * Training evaluation * Training program are * Compen sation * some(a) other compensation for * Payment of wages * prole not entitled to compensation * Performance appraisal * Who will be apprised? * Method of exploit appraisal 4. 0 Meaning of HRM MANAGEMENT of human resources is the function of all enterprises which provide for effective utilization of people to achieve both the objective of the enterprises and the ecstasy and organic evolution of the employees (Glueck, Management).Allah the almighty has endowed human beings with the power congenital in them which if nursed, nurtured, cultivated, readyed and sharpened can unveil the secrets of nature. Human beings croak human resource when their skills and abilities ascended to undertake some productive activities that are useful to them and to their society. 4. 1 Function of HRM 1. ACQUISATION * Human resource cookery * enlisting * Internal * external * Employee socialization 2. DEVELOPMENT * Employee pedagogy * Management development * Career development 3. MOTIVATION Job * performance evaluation * rewards * transmission line evaluation * compensation benefit * discipline 4. MAINTENANCE * Safety and health * Employee / lab or relationship 4. 2 HRM practice in MKDL Organization has big impact upon its human resources development and managerial activities. Organization building influences personalised activities within the department as well as relation with others whom it is to serve. That is way MKDL also practices in HRM. Human Resource Department assigns some policy. That also followed by the employee, employed and worker.The policy aims are Achieving, the main objective of the organization, creating committed employees, developing trained personal, recognizing trade unions as representative of worker, advisory service to employees, delegation of authority, co-operation to and from employees, security of employment, opportunity for growth, fair wages and net profit, objective evaluation of work. MKDL played a vital role in society. MKDL have HR department since 1993. Because it is an export oriented organization. HR department maintain policy and they work for the whole organization, as well as for the worker in the first place.HRM Practice in MKDL some kinds are given below * Recruitment policy * Selection * Training and Development * Compensation * Performance approximation 4. 3 Recruitment Policy in MKDL RECRUITMENT is a linking function joining those with jobs to fill and those seeking job. The objective of MKDL recruitment policy is to develop a group of potential qualified people. The recruitment processes attracts qualified appliers and provide enough information for all kind of employees. Hiring the right employee is a dispute process. Hiring the wrong employee is expensive, costly to work environment, and time consuming.Hiring the right employee, on the other hand, pays back in employee productivity, a successful employment relationship, and a confident(p) impact on total work environment. there are six er kinds of employees or workers 1) Permanent employees is an employee who has been occupied on permanent basis after complete of his/her procreation. 2) Temporary employees is an employee who has been for work that is atypical basis. The electrical engineer is MKDL temporary employees. 3) Probationer is an employee who is provisionally engaged to fill a permanent vacuum in a post and has not completed the period of his / her privations. ) Employee on contract is a person with who employed on contract basis. The auditors of MKDL are contract basis. 5) Apprentice means a learner that paid an compensation or fixed pay during the period of his/her genteelness. 6) Casual means a worker whose employment in day-by-day basis. 4. 3. 1 MKDL Recruitment Sources There are two sources of recruitment . These are innate and external sources of recruitment. MKDL mainly follows the external sources for recruitment. One main thing is that MKDL is a public Ltd company. consequently the recrui tment policy is given below * Advertisement on publisher Hang on notice in front of MKDL main opening * Internet ads in there website. 4. 3. 2 private File MKDL maintains a personal file for their worker that is part of recruitment policy. In a personal file each worker some record are their. This are * Application * Picture * Age authentication * Medical certificate * National certificate * Educational certificate * Appointment letter * check-out procedure letter * Increment paper * Any disciplinary letter 4. 4 Employee Selection of MKDL To select is to choose selection is a screening process. It is the process of picking who have relevant qualification to fill jobs in an organization.MKDL selection objective is to select the right candidate who is physically fit, intelligent and through their job perfectly. 4. 5 Selection Process There is some process to select employees and worker. MKDL follow these procedures to select best employees to their company for a crack output. The process are given below which is follows by MKDL. 4. 5. 1 reply of applier. 4. 5. 2 Preliminary converse. 4. 5. 3 Filling an Application Blank which provide brief history of an applicants background. 4. 5. 4 Employment attempt MKDL follows some procedure to select their employees.Their selection procedure test is sure and valid. Tests aimed at predicting future success on their job. Verities of test usually employ as selection tools. * Intelligent tests * Aptitude tests * Achievement tests * Interest tests * genius tests For the types of employee or worker HRM department of MKDL choose the one of test. 4. 5. 5 Interview MKDL is a garments company they have worker for factory and employees for several department. To select worker and employees it is different from each other. There are six kinds of employees. For that reason, they follow different types of interviews.Types of interviews * Non directive interview * Patterned interview * Situational interview * venire intervi ew Interviews process HR department of MKDL have identified trustworthy steps while conducting interviews. * Preparation selecting the interview process to followed. HR department expertise arranges and selects the employees. * Reception The interview started on time. * Information exchange Applicants moldiness know what they are applying for and they have to know the idea about it. * Termination Interviewers personal opinions and applicants performance basis HR department select the employees. Evaluation After the interview process HR department select the candidate for next process. 4. 5. 6. Background of Reference checks Good reference check, when used sincerely will receive useful and reliable information about the candidate. 4. 5. 7. Preliminary selection in HR department HR department select the employee or worker. 4. 5. 8. somatogenetic examination All applicants must a medical certificate in MKDL HR department. 4. 5. 9 Placement Then the following departments select the e mployee or worker and they should place. 4. 6 Selection policy In the selection policy, an applicant must have some education qualification.For worker Workers must be pass min. class eight. For employees They must be complete their graduation. In addition, for high level applicant must complete masters degree. 4. 7. Training and Development Training and Development has been always an essential part of human life, curiously in working environment. Workers performs better if they are procreation in the skills required for thir jobs, and managers are better leaders if they are trained up with these skills. 4. 7. 1 Why training is essential in MKDL Training is essential in MKDL for improve their quality, maturation production and improve organizational climate.Because MKDLs main theme is produce high quality product. For that reason whole organization employees needs training and develop their skill. It important for * Economy in operation * Minimization of supervision * Better pe rformance * outgrowth in esprit de corps * Uniformity in performance * Effective control 4. 7. 2. Reason for employee training and development Training and development can be initiated for a mix reasons an employee or a group of people * When a performance appraisal indicates performance improvement is needed. * To benchmark the status of improvement so far in performance improvement effort. As part succession planning to help an employee be eligible for a planned change in role in the organization. * To train about a specific topic. * As part of an overall professional department program. * The operation of a brisk performance management system. 4. 8 Training For MKDL has been arranging some kind of training For worker * Behavioral training * Technical training For official To get more efficient officeholder MKDL arrange some training which a part of their job. Some training fir the technical officer specially arranged. 4. 9. Benefit of training and development * Increase job s atisfaction and morale among employee. Increase employee motivation. * Increase efficiencies in processes, resulting in financial gain. * Increase capacity to adopt new technologies and methods. * Reduce employee turn over. * Enhanced company image e. g. conducting ethics training. * Risk management e. g. training about sexsul harassment, diversity training. 4. 10 Training method at MKDL MKDL provides two types of training that is on the job training and off the job training. The best technique for one situation may not suitable to other situation. ON THE wrinkle TRAINING Employee or worker coached and instructed by skilled co-worker.By supervisor, by the special training instructor. MKDL also provides various types of on the job training these are coaching or understudy, job rotation or special assignment. learn Coaching method, which also known as internship and apprenticeship method, the employees/ worker is, trained on the job by his/her immediate supervisor. Apprenticeship In MKDL the person who appointed under apprenticeship, they supervised through their supervisor and they have three months for apprentice period after successful finish of apprenticeship period they appointed as a regular employee/ worker.Job trainee A management or HR department selects a trainee who moved from job to job at reliable intervals. Specials assignment MKDL provides light level executives with first hand experience in working an effective problem. Off the job training Off the job training means that training is not part of the everyday job activity. In MKDL training program, do not arrange by them. BEPZA selected one officer for training and it arrange in outside from the organization. Off the job method following that method. Lecture It is an old method. Selected expertise gives some lecture to the trainees Conference musician gain knowledge and understanding by attending these conferences. Group discussion Group discussion exchange of ideas and opinions take place w hich help the participants to develop leadership qualities. Case studies The case based on actual business situation are prepared and given to the trainee managers for discussion and arriving ata proper discussion. utilization playing The trainer use this method for develop the employer human relation and development of leadership qualities. 4. 11. Training place, Duration and Trainer Place MKDL only arrange training program for their worker and the apprentice.BEPZA select the place for the training program. Duration The training program depends on training objectives. Sometimes for coarse time or some time for short time. For the apprentices training program arrange for three months. Trainer For the worker and new employees trainer are the upper levels of the worker. However, off the job training, trainers are outside if the organization. 4. 12. Training Evaluation in MKDL Training evaluation model starts with training need assessment it means that what kind of training are essen tial for cool operation of the company.MKDL evaluates TNA by the process of employee or the worker working check into or it called yearly secrete report. 4. 13. Training Program are * Personal proactive equipment * First aid * Fair training or bargainer * Health and safety * Awareness safety about toxic threaten * Awareness aids 4. 14. Compensation MKDL compensation systems policies are given below Gradation of workers Minimum wages Remarks i. Apprentice US $20(consolidated) Training for 3 months may be extended for another 3 months in the maximum. ii.HELPER a) US $30 b) US $25 ON completion of training, a working becomes permanent unless terminated during the training period. iii. Junior operator(Jr. ) a) US $36 b) US $30 A helper, when allowed to operate a. m. chain, shall be deemed to have been upgraded as a Jr. operator. iv. OPERATOR a) US $45 b) US $40 A Jr. operator shall be promoted as an operator on completion of 2 years service as such. v. Sr. operator a) US $50 b) US $45 An operator having served of 2 years as such shall upgrade as Sr. operator. vi. High skilled a) US $58 On completion of 2 years service as a Sr. perator,a worker shall be eligible for promotion as high skilled worker but subject to attaining required skill. 4. 15. Some other compensation for * Maternity benefit A female employee who has completed minimum of six month service shall be entitled on application to maternity leave with pay for eight weeks after parturiency on ground maternity. No female worker is entitled to such kinds of maternity benefit if she has two or more children. * Festival leave Every employee allowed at least eleven days festival pass with pay in a calendar year. * Compensation for injury arrest while on duty. Every worker shall be entitled to casual leave with full wages for ten days in a year. * Every worker shall be entitled to fourteen days eliminate leave on half average wages in a year. 4. 16. Payment of wages * For employee paid on month ly basis , profit paid within the 7 days of the month. * For employee paid on hebdomadally basis, wages by the first working days of the work. * For terminal employees, barrier benefit and any other dues payable to the terminated employee paid within 7 days from the date of termination. * Overtime wages Overtime wages given MKDL by this method primary salary *2*OT Hours/208 * farseeing fundThe provident fund given by this method Basic salary *8033% 4. 17. Worker not entitled to compensation in certain cases * If worker does not present himself for work at the appointed time during normal working hours at least once a day if so require by the employer or lay-off is due to unauthorized absence from work by workers in another part of the employer. * If worker resist to accept on the same wages. 4. 18. Performance appraisal Performance is something a single person does. This differentiates it from more encompassing constructs such as organizational performance or national performa nce which are higher level variables.Job performance is a unremarkably use, yet poorly defined conceot in industrial and organizational psychology, the branch of psychology that deals with the workplace. It most commonly refers to whether a person performs their job well. Despite the confusion over how it should be on the dot defined, performance is an extremely important criterion that relates to organizational outcomes and success. Among the most commonly accepted theories of job performance. 4. 18. 1. Why performance appraisal is important in MKDL * PERFORMANCE APPRASIAL can serve as a useful basis for promotion or reward. It serves as a guide for formulating a effective training and development program. * Managers can identify employees who are performing at or above expected level. Then it may help to increase competition. * It identifies the employees good or poor performance. * It helps to understand that in which way employer improve their performance. 4. 19. Who will be go over * Self appraise also included, it help to improve employees confidance level to work efficiently. * For worker their performance appraise by supervisor. * Consultant or the auditor appraises whole organization. 4. 20. Methods of performance appraisalPERFORMANCE appraisal methods are available for judging the performance of the employees. In MKDL performance appraise by upper level of an employee. The method is called the confidential report or yearly secret report. And performance appraise by behaviorally anchored rating scale (BARS) CHAPTER- FIVE * Findings * Recommendations * Conclusion * References 5. 0 Findings Due to my internship program I got some findings. Such as 1. In MKDL both inseparable and external sources of recruitment are followed. 2. For workers, external sources of recruitment are followed. 3. For officers internal sources of recruitment are followed. . Immediate supervisor provide training to the workers in MKDL. 5. In selecting workers normally previou s experience is highly considered. 6. Performance is evaluating by the boss/supervisor and it is done annually. 7. The relation is good between employers, employees, worker, trade union (WRWC) and (BEPZA). . 8. The have no internal auditor. In MKDL HR department so the have to face problem to audit their report. 9. Supervisor are not more efficient thats why the cant supervise the worker properly. 10. The company does not pay the salary in due time, trough there is no problem to pay it timely. 1. The salary construction is below standard in some cases. The salary structure is insufficient comparing with present economic situation. 12. MKDL does not provide any transport facilities to their worker. Which is very necessary. 13. The maintain safety and healthy environment for their employees. 14. They arrange on the job training for their employees. 5. 0. Recommendations For smooth operation of HR department the following task must be completed as curtly as possible. 1. MKDL should p rovide the salary in due time because it helps the employee to give more concentration to the organization. . They should increase the involvement of employee in designing the training program. 3. Fire training and other injury training should be providing to the new workers. 4. Supervisor have to more effective because the motivate worker to do their jobs better. 5. Training should be evaluated properly. 6. HR department should recruit an internal auditor. 7. Company HR department should be free from any types of biasness especially on recruitment and selection process. 8. Salary structure should be updated and matched with the market situation.. 9.Companys HR department should arrange more effective training program in order to increase the employees ideas and creative power. 10. The organization provides conveying bill but when the work late night, they fall in stretch out for the transportation. 11. More and more business professional should be appointed in training and develo pment department and it should be off the job. 5. 2. Conclusion Human Resource Department measures the organization strength in every respect. This cheek must from part of the organization strategic and administrative thinking. Effort should ever be made to improve the organization productive capacity.Human Resource is a key factor to consider in organizational development and must emphasized in responding the micro and macro environment changes of Bangladesh. MKDL played a challenging role in Bangladesh. Because MKDL REPRESENTIATIVE OF Bangladesh. For their contribution, our country economic growth increases. Our people directly benefited through the operation of the organization. MKDL and their sisters company engaged to increase our economic growth. Bangladesh government should provide necessary opportunity for EPZ sector so that it can operate smoothly. . 3 References 1. Profile of MKDL 2. Many official report of MKDL 3. Different officials and workers working area in MKDL 4 . Web site of MKDL 5. Human Resource Management and Industrial Relation By Dr. Abdul Awal Khan Dr. Md. Abu Taher Appendix Questionnaire for Management Staff (Give the answer into the tick mark () in the appropriate place) Officer happen upon Age Department Post Name 1.Does your organization practice HR development? Yes No 2. Does HR department give extra priority to their employee? Yes No 3. Are you getting any extra allowance for training? Yes No 4. Do you get any facility (Lunch or Tiffin) during your office time? Yes No 5. Is your organization getting any suggestion from you if they needed any strategic decision? Yes No 6. In department of HR training and development officers are available? Yes No 7.Do you face any problem when HR department need some improvement for their worker? Yes No 8. What is the time duration of training? 3 month 6 month 1 year Questionnaire for Worker (Give the answer into the tick mark () in the appropriate place) Worker name Age Department Post Na me 1. Do you get facility from HR department? Yes No 2. Do you use any personal protective equipment?Yes No 3. Do you get personal equipment from your organization? Yes No 4. Do you get train about fire drill training? Yes No 5. After training program has your performance ability change magnitude? Yes No 6. Are you get OT and provident fund amount from your organization? Yes No 7. Are you satisfied on your increment amount? Yes No 8. Who get the more priority for training program in your organization? Technical person Non Technical personMITHUN KNITTING AND DYEING LIMITED yearbook Confidential Report (Officer) PART-1 (To be modify by concern employee) NAME (IN CAPITAL LETTER) appointment Department Date of birth Age capacity Joining date Salary while joining Last increment Present salary a) Basic salary TK.Pay scale b) House rent allowance TK c)Conveyance allowanceTK d) Medical allowance TK e) Other allowance TK be PART-2 TOTAL POINTS 100 POINT SCORED EXCELLENT 91-100 AVARA GE 51-70GOOD 71-90 BELOW AVERAGE 00-50 account Assessment of Dept. Head Signature with date Name Designation PART-3 (To filled by approving authority) Remark/ General/ Assessment Approval- Signature with date Signature with date Name Name Designation Designation

Rhetorical Analysis of Thomas Jefferson’s Inaugural Address Essay

Ethos Utterly, indeed, should I despair did not the armorial bearing of many whom I here see remind me that in the other high authorities provided by our Constitution I shall run into resources of wisdom, of virtue, and of zeal on which to rely under all difficulties. In this constituent Jefferson names the first official catalogue of the States and states that it has provide and depart provide the U.S. with everything it needs to be successful. Jefferson mentions his trust that he puts in the document and all that wrote it. Jefferson shows the citizens that because he and others made the document, they should be trusted, because the Constitution made America free from British rule. The Constitution unifies the U.S. also, it only states what need be, not things wish well divisions of political parties and what not.Diction Jeffersons constant use of words standardised us and we helps bring the U.S. together as a country no matter of whether you are federalist or democratic rep ublican. It eases the tension between both(prenominal) parties. compassion Called upon to undertake the duties of the first executive office of our country, I avail myself of the presence of that portion of my fellow-citizens which is here assembled to express my grateful thanks for the favor with which they stupefy been pleased to look toward me, to declare a sincere consciousness that the assign is above my talents, and that I approach it with those anxious and awful presentiments which the greatness of the military mission and the weakness of my powers so justly inspire. Jefferson begins his address by telling us he is thankful for being elected Pre locatingnt and he states that he is humble by saying that he will provide the area with the best care possible, no matter the cost. This statement hardens the peoples belief that they have chosen the right person for the job. He says he is grateful and humbled by the offer, there for appealing to our patriotism and respect for w ho he is.Tone Jeffersons tone through protrude the address is both humble and asserting. He states that he is both grateful and humbled by the offer of a Presidency. He also asserts his opinions and notions of unity and the countrys strength, invigorating the audience.Audience The majority of the audience does prefer one side or the other regarding political parties. This speech is intended to reach out to everyone, including children. I think some might say that he is favoring Republicans, which whitethorn affect the tone of the speech for them. Everyone, however, is united as a earth by the address regardless of their political views.

What Impressions of the Characters Relationship Are Conveyed?

What impressions of the characters relationship are conveyed by the language they use, and the interaction amidst them? In this text, the opening scene of Ibsens Dolls House, the converse between Helmer and Nora visualizes who acts as a more authoritative figure finished imperatives, patronising lexis and explanative language. This is to show the relationship between the married pas de deux regarding terms of how they address each(prenominal) other. I impart too consider grammatical gender theories such as Debora Tennens gender theory of politeness and Zimmerman and Wests suggesting custody are more dominating in conversation.The purpose of the text, A Dolls House, is to produce information about the relationship between Nora and Helmer through the interactions of their conversation and their lexis. Nora speaks in a polite manor, just this minute which could be see through Trudgills gender theory suggesting women use precise pronunciation to account to be viewed at a high er class. The adjective, just could imply Nora will act quickly in order to respond to her husband because he has a higher status and power over herself.However, her husbands language is in truth contrastive, been wasting money again? this rhetorical question implies a morose and dominant tone. This could be interpreted by kZimmerman and Wests gender theory which suggests men act more dominant in conversation in order to gain and keep power. The terms of address the couple use change in relation to the conversation topic. Nora addresses her husband by his second name, As you please, Torvald which could imply their relationship is formal and she has little dominance as he holds all the power.This could be interpreted by Debora Tennen who states that women use terms of address and politeness to form bonds. However, Helmer addresses Nora in two different approaches whilst they are having a general conversation Nora is referred to as his possession, My little rollick the adjective little implying she is belittled as she has no authority. Also, the use of the pronoun, my implies Nora belongs to Helmer and she has dominate over her hence the metaphor for her name.However, when Nora misbehaves she is addressed with her name, Nora, Nora Just like a woman his use of explanative language portrays his loss of patience with her but also he is telling her off like Nora is a child in a patronising manor. The repetition of Nora implies she has done wrong and he dismisses her to wank her to behave like a father would to a child. This could be interpreted by Grices maxims of quantity as he speaks more than Nora implying he has a higher level of authority and power.

Immanuel Kant’s theories

Kants theories be in great p atomic number 18ntage with other philosophers. He was a retri butivist who believed that punishing wrongdoers though they are intellectual beings, is right, as long as the crime they did fits such penalty. Punishment without reasons or jailing someone for petty theft is unjust. He spoke about punishment on the critique of pr meetical reasons which contrast with Jeremy Benthan a utilitarian idealogue who considers punishment as evil and advocates for punishment to cause more haughty imp impresss on the person punished. (Robert, 2000).As Betham supports rehabilitation efforts in prisons Kant found such efforts degraded as they acted against ones personal sensible choices. Kant rejects manipulation of people even when the causes and reasons are just. People should be allowed to reason for themselves and their decisions should be respected. Kant criticized other theories on the ground that they were only hypothetical and could not be applicable in the objective world. Some theories argue that the greater good ought to be considered when acting but such would be irrelevant to someone whose interest is not on maintaining the common good.Hypothetical deterrent example systems should not be used to de limitine the righteous action as they are very subjective while in the real sense peoples interests vary. He rejected Humes theory on the ideal theory of the mind. To Kant analytical methods should not be used to explain what is physically evident. To him, synthetic reasoning involves relating concepts that are not directly related to the subject concept. A prior knowledge piece of ass be used in the metaphysics study. (Bayne, 2000) Kant criticizes the utilitarian lot that happiness is the highest goal.He opposes this view as it created loopholes where people would be used simply as agency to achieve or profit happiness. This would be disrespecting the fact that all merciful beings are rational and buns choose or plan and sho ut their future. Kant portrays the categorical urgent approach where he sees all human beings as occupants of a special place in creation. People have divergent needs which ought to be satisfied using certain mover. He uses the term maxim to refer to intentions or principle of action. Human beings should not act in a way that portrays other people simply as means to an end but as an end to itself-importance.In working to attain the maxim people should not use others simply as means to an end. People used should benefit from the arrangement and their consent should be sought. To him, duties should be beneficial to people used in the process of attaining the goals. I tally with Kants theory as all people should be tempered with equality and with respect. There are two types of imperatives. The hypothetical imperative tells of what we ought to do to achieve a goal. The categorical imperative leads to absoluteness since human beings are rational and can govern their actions. People should only act on maxims that can become universal jurisprudence.To Kant, there are universal incorrupt laws that are logically necessary. Peoples actions should therefore be performed tally to the acceptable universal laws of morality. Individuals should act according to the same general, future and moral laws. (Robert, 2000). All people should be treated with moral respect. Deception should not be considered even when being applied for wrongdoers. To Kant, duties can be sodding(a) or imperfect. Imperfect duties entail working to develop our talents since they are condition to us for a purpose while perfect duties entail a tariff to others.Kant rejected the ethical force brought about by customs duty and coined the modern idea of autonomy. He brought about the idea of centrality of rational thought. distributively person can make free and autonomous choices and they are compelled by rationality and the categorical imperative in their decisions. Adherence to categorical impe rative provides for autonomous ethical choice since people make their decisions rationally. In hunt for various maxims all parties involved benefit from the arrangement. Autonomous means self legislating.Autonomy of the will is the ability of the will to be a will in itself while the will refers to the means by which a maxim can become a universal law. Heteronomy means the capacity to follow law other than itself to produce a universal law of morality. (Collins, 2000) To Kant, objects do not have value but man gives them value through their rational goals and desires. Human beings have an intrinsic worth or dignity. They should therefore act in good will out of a sense of duty and use the categorical imperative. What we give to society comes back to us and we ought not to harm others but work in ensuring that they benefit from out actions.

Tugas English

Writing an Essay Give your opinion through an study on the following statement. Computer games be very stinking for hoi polloi and they cause a lot of problems. Write your set about in 120-180 dustup in an appropriate style. Content An essay should fully address the points do in the statement, discussing both whether or not computer games are bad for mountain and the answer of problems that they cause. Range of grammar and vocabulary The present simple puree is likely to be required to talk about habits and general facts.Vocabulary committed with habits, leisure time and causes and results is required. Register The essay could be fairly formal, inner or neutral, depending on how the give noticedidate wishes to approach the composition. Organization and cohesion The essay should be appropriately divided into paragraphs, separating points that agree with the statement in the questions and points that disagree. sequester linking between different points should be used (e. g . On the other hand). The ratifierThe essay should understand fully the writers opinions on the topic and the reasons why the writer has these opinions. Model answer It is true that computer games hatful be bad for some people. Many of the games are very reddened and some people may be influenced by this and then do the violent things themselves. I also believe that computer games potful be additive and this can be bad for people. Some young people, for example, hand too much time playing these games instead of 1 activities that are much healthier for them, such as playing sports.This means that they can become unfit and also that they pop off less time talking to their friends and having good relationships with other people. Playing computer games for long periods of time can also have a bad effect on people psychologically. They can put people into a bad mood and reach their relationships with their friends and family. On the other hand, computer games are not all bad. wa d can learn skills from playing them and of course they can be salient fun. They provide a very good source of entertainment.There is nothing improper with them as long as people dont spend too much time playing them. Now, write down your essay. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 2

How I became a Nurse Essay

invite you ever thought well-nigh suitable a nurse? ontogenesis up, becoming a nurse had never crossed my mind. I didnt grow up around any angiotensin-converting enzyme who worked in the nursing field nor was I used to organism in and out of hospitals whether it be for me or because of family. Although I wasnt around more nurses or had much experience, I knew at one time or a nonher I would be a huge single out in changing the lives of others. Even though I havent always wanted to be a nurse, share others has definitely been a huge priority in my life. It never occurred to me that being a nurse would give me the opportunity to jock others until the end of my sophomore year in advanced take. That is when I decided a career in nursing would be perfect for me. Throughout my first devil years of high school, I took socio-economic class after class nearly where I was red ink to attend college and what my major would be. In the beginning I thought my last was made and I kne w exactly what my plan was going to be. I was going to be a Cosmetologist.From the time I was small(a)ish I was always playing with hair and I just knew that was what I would do as a career one day. However, it seemed that God had a different plan for me. At my high school students were given the quality to shrink 2 electives. Whether it was choir, art, parenting, band, or a foreign language the last was finally up to the student. My sophomore year I decided to take the parenting class as one of my electives. This class was the type that students assumed would be an easy grade and would not be a top priority. itty-bitty did I know this course would be the one to finalize my decision about life after high school and have a massive impact on my life. Throughout the class I watched many videos and had to complete redacts on what it is like to be expectant and all the things that come on with having a child. I will never for stimulate the final project that was assigned to the class. Each student in the class was assigned a computerized indulge to care for over the course of a weekend. We had to watch this mishandle and care for it as if it were our precise(prenominal) own.There were a variety of keys that came with the scotch and each one had a reason as to why the baby might be telephoneing. So, as the parent of this baby, when he or she started to cry we had to determine whether it was hungry, needed a diaper change, burped etcetera. This was an extremely difficult weekend for me, but even after all of the crying and staying up all night, I enjoyed the project. In addition to caring for the computerized baby, we had to wear a big(predicate) belly suit for a day. This belly suit was designed to help students experience the feeling of a full term pregnancy. While eating away this suit I experienced a few things that an actual pregnant woman would feel. There was a 30 pound weight gain, fetal movements, shortness of breath, bladder pressure and frequency of urination. Even though I only had to wear the belly suit for a day, I mat that it was a really good experience and I was able to get an understanding of what it is like to be pregnant. Both of these projects taught me a lot about caring for an infant and the importance of good parenting skills.I was also intrigued by the medical aspects of labor and pitching and I began to think of the possibility of becoming a nurse. Throughout the many weeks of this class I had numerous dialog with my friends and family and by the end of the course I knew my career path had changed. I wanted to be a nurse. During my re chief(prenominal)ing time in high school I began to focus more on classes that would be an summation to furthering my education in the healthcare field. My guidance counselor also worked close with me to explore all my options in the nursing field. After much thought, I made my final decision to become a labor and delivery nurse. At the end of my senior year I sta rted my prerequisite classes at Butler Tech to prepare for the LPN program that I would ultimately begin in January 2011. LPN school was extremely intense from the very beginning and at times I was ready to give up. Although it was very difficult, I learned that through hard work, diligence and sometimes tears, I can accomplish more than I ever thought practicable of myself.Even though becoming an LPN was just a stepping quarry to achieving my ultimate goal, I knew it was what I needed to do. I have enjoyed on the job(p) as an LPN and I will continue to use my skills and familiarity to work towards becoming a labor and delivery nurse one day. Overall, there have been many events in my life that are very special to me and will forever be a part of who I am today. I believe making the choice to take part in a parenting class back in high school is one of the major events in my life and is the reason I am where I am today. Looking back, I realized how important this class reall y was to me and the significance it had on my life. Taking this class was a main factor of why I became a nurse and I may not be where I am today if I had not taken part in it. I am very acceptable I took the class, and I will never forget the impact it had on my life.

The Affect of Aggression on Motivation

Sport psychologists accept been sightly increasingly important in the realm of sports helping athletes in their concentrate on and controlling emotions such as anxiety. Moreover, they wee also become assistants to team organizations In selecting potential players, As previously stated, much research has been completed in an effort to not only increase performance but to also predict prospective performances. As result, many theories throw away evolved. These theories range from the achievement final stage possible action (ACT), to the self determination theory (SDTV), ACT states that an Individual imparting poses either an ego tendency orientation or a task destruction orientation.Researchers have examined different aspects of athletes motivational orientations in hopes to predict a boffo performance. Based off this research, it has been shown that when athletes have a high task goal orientation they are more likely to give a made performance. However, it has been sh own that athletes at the elite level of competition possess both(prenominal) a high task orientation and ego orientation. This is important to prames when considering how to motivate players. unity motivational tactic that has been heard on the sidelines at sporting events Is the coach telling his players to be obstreperous.Moreover, athletes routinely site aggressive play as the factor In a win or loss. In this regard, the focus of this proposed need is to investigate what role enmity has on an athletes motivational orientation and whether ill ordain has a compulsory correlation with performance. antagonism Is seemingly becoming more evident in sports. Moreover, attack has evolved as a positive attribute In the eyes of athletes and spectators alike, and has earned itself an important role in team sports (Rascal, Coulomb-Cabbage, & Delegate, 2004).However, undersize research has been conducted on aggression and how TTS materialization impart affect an athletes perfo rmance, or if aggression is more prevalent In one goal orientation over another. To analyze the occurrence of aggressive behavior, the proposed study go away look at athletes In the sport of package which is often viewed as a highly aggressive and sometimes unwarranted sport. Boxing is 1 OFF play them must also have a certain degree of aggression that motivates them to continue the sport. However, a abstract definition of aggression is that it is a negative personality indication that is connected with sport participation (Keller, 2004).Aggression has been further broken down into two categories contrasted and slavish. Hostile aggression is define as behavior that is performed with the sole aim of inflicting harm on a person and is seen as creation an unrestrained response out of frustration or anger while instrumental is considered non-emotional and is behavior that intention anyy causes injury or harm to an opponent in the pursuit of another non-aggressive goal such a s scoring or winning (Rascal, Coulomb- Cabbage, Delegate, 2004).With this in mind, this study volition also measure self-assertiveness which is defined as a non-hostile, non-coercive tendency to behave with intense and unflagging behavior to accomplish ones goal, and within the sport setting is within the rules of competition. self-assertiveness will primarily be included because the primary goal in boxing is to inflict injury or harm on an opponent. This study will also measure the goal orientations of the athletes. Previous studies have shown that when athletes have a high ego rugged task orientation they are more prone to aggression and a win at alone cost mentality (Rascal, Coulomb-Cabbage, & Delegate, 2004).Therefore, it is hypothesized that 1) the goal orientation of the shorts will be influenced by the level of aggressiveness or assertiveness 2) aggression will be correlated with a high ego-orientation and assertiveness will be correlated with a task-orientation 3) assertiveness will have a positive correlation with performance and aggression will have a negative correlation with performance 4) assertiveness will be viewed and considered to be aggression by the athletes in the study. Method The design of this study will be non-experimental and will utilize surveys and researcher observation.The study will have two independent variables, aggression and assertion and three dependent variables, task-orientation, ego-orientation and performance. surgery will be Judged by a win or loss. bellicose behavior will be considered illegal blows. This will include low blows, kidney punches, rabbit punches (punches to the back of the head), hitting on the break (when the referee calls a halt to the action), hitting an opponent while down on a knee, and excessive holding. Assertive behavior will be pressing the action, and a high volume of punchers thrown (>50 punches/round).The distinction between aggression and assertiveness will not be made to the at hletes and will be used as criterion for observers when rating the performance of the athlete. The participants in the study will be 30 active professional (n=10) and amateur (n=20) boxers between the ages of 18 and 25. Active participation will be defined as having at least one fight 2 months anterior to the study and the subjects must have a fight scheduled to sway place during the study. Participants will receive information on the parameters of the study and will be informed that all selective information collected will be anonymous.In addition written onset will be obtained by all subjects. The subjects will complete surveys that will rate the performance of their last competition, goal orientation, aggression, and assertiveness. The outcome of their last competition (whether the athlete won or loss) and demographic information will also be used in the data analysis. To assess developed by Roberts and Plague will be used. This scale leaf has shown both reliability and validi ty for assessing task and ego goal orientations. Aggression will be measured in two ways first, the subjects world(prenominal) aggression will be assessed by the Buss-Darker Hostility Inventory (BID) scale.This will be used to see if aggression is a core trait of the athlete. Questions are answered either true or false and indicate whether the actions describe are thought to be self-descriptive and second, the subjects situation-specific or sport aggression will be measured with the BAG-S scale. This is a 30 item inventory that measures both hostile and instrumental aggression. It uses a 4-point Liker scale with 1 being beefed-up agreement and 4 being strong disagreement. To assess assertiveness, the Rather self-assertiveness Schedule (RASA) will be used.This is a 30-item questionnaire that measures perceived assertiveness. It uses a six point scale that ranges from 3 to -3 with 3 being very peculiar(prenominal) of me and -3 being very uncharacteristic. Additionally observers wi ll measure the subjects level of aggression and assertion during competition using a 4- point Liker scales with 1 being very aggressive and very assertive and 4 being little aggression and little assertion. Analysis Analysis of the data will be conducted using several methods. For assessing the levels of aggression and assertion on performance the Pearson correlation coefficient Coefficient will be used.

Beauty Advertisement Analysis Essay

Advertisement or call downs for short is a form of communication for market and very often it is used to either coax, encourage and manipulate the auditory intellect spectators, listeners, readers or a group of specified and targeted group to support the increase or service at hand. Not only is it common exactly besides convenient and efficient. in that location are a few approaches a company would want to promote or advertise their overlap or service. One of the many common and conventional methods of advertising can allow in billboards, printed flyers, web banners, web popups, magazines, newspapers and even human billboards.Before planning the advert, the result seller should weigh out and consider the three factors that would dissipation a huge role in forming an effective advertisement. The three dimensions are cognitive, emotional and behavioral entropy. Cognitive nurture would heavily involve about the already existing knowledge. Affective data on the other ha nd, focuses of the emotions of the one-on-ones and behavioral cultivation focuses on the reaction after reading, hearing or watching the advertisement.There are two ways for the case-by-case to process the information disposed in the advertisement systematic and dilettanteish information bear upon. Systematic information processing is where the information attained is creation scrutinized and give wayd while superficial information processing is where the information that is attained requires no in prudence reading into the information and just coming up with an impression with the inside information on the advert. For this advertisement analysis, a beauty advert is selected and it would be critically analyzed to see if the ad is effective and appealing to the masses.To help analyze the advertisement various types of heuristics are being used. The different types of heuristics are, emotions channelize and indirect, pleasantness, familiarity, expertise, message- space, c onsensus, scarcity and consistency. These will be used to discuss and critique the advertisement. Emotions Emotions are angiotensin converting enzyme of the main factors when discussing persuassion. There are two types of emotion direct and indirect. A direct emotion requires a superficial processing and it is based on a classical conditioning. Hence or this advert that focuses on a beauty product, one of the many common emotion that it would trigger would be curiosity. The indirect emotions that would be triggered from the advert, would be feelings of gratefulness or displeasure. At a glance, the advert may intrigue the reference by providing a more conventional method to resolve the problem at hand for the fount or skin while the other feeling that would be elicited in the individual would be doubtful and weariness as on that point are various beauty products in the market that does not free the purposes of the product.Attractiveness In general, every individual would be v ery disposed to be attracted to someone who is attractive and like fitted. Many adverts would ordinarily prepare an attractive display or an appealing model to promote their products and run. The audience would be more drawn to the advert despite the product and content that is given. A famous celebrity, who is well known and liked, is being used as a model for the beauty product. A more attractive attribute of an individual would allow a much better start for an interaction amid the audience and advertisement.With an appealing model, the beauty product that is being advertised would have a high chance of being likeable and interesting which would abate the probability for the product to be turned down. Familiarity check to Zajonc (1968) individuals favor products and plump that they have been regularly exposed to. Very often, the people or audience would be much more drawn to the product or services that they are able to relate to or if the product is considered to be per ceptible to them.When familiarity is established between in advertisement and audience, the audience would feel the sense of belonging (Monin, 2003). Adverts that The advertisement that is used is familiar and also established a bond of belonging with the audience. The word natural and the attractive model that is being used for the advert is familiar to the audience women as we have an already formed perception of what beautiful looks like flawless and natural look skin. Which is what the model is showing off.That aside, it would also able to identify for individuals who are smell for a solution to their facial problems. Expertise Most often, individuals are tardily influenced by the behavior of the experts or those who has the upper hand. The credibility of the source is principal(prenominal) when an individual is weighing out their options. The individuals need to be assured that the product or services that is offered is trustworthy and competent as this would allow the i ndividual to form a fast perception of the product or service.Advertisements would usually include pictures of an authority figure or include information that is factual. This advert however does not show or establish any from of particularized and clear expertise and authority. Message-Length An advertisement with a long message length would be believed and seen as useful as more information is provided. The illuminating ad would be more appealing as it offers vital information about the product and services at hand.However this would only be useful and effective if the audience were to use a systematic information processing. For this advert, very short information is given but however, the information is direct and clear. But message length does not play a huge role when an attractive model is being used and it would be able to also entice the same reaction as an advert that is informative. According to Chaiken (1980), individuals would rarely check the validity of the message that is give but sort of to the readily information given that would be analyzed.Therefore, in conclusion, information processing plays a major and important role when advertisements are at play. resembling information processing, heuristics also influences decision-making. Hence, information processing and heuristics would commonly complement and work together when the audience has to make a choice. Thus when making a choice, the individual has to look for more options and weigh out the advantage and disadvantage, this is where the advertisements would play a major role and what heuristic that is being used would also be taken into consideration.

E-Business Paper

E-Business Paper Jim Jones ACC/340 Joyce Williams December 3, 2012 ? Barnes &038 Noble has functioned well as a brick and mortar introduce since its inception. The company has finded over the years by adopting new products and elapseing up with e-commerce as it has started develop. The company has been fitting to keep up with changes in the economy imputable to the development of the inter wampum and e-commerce. We leave alone examine how e-commerce has affected how the world around has changed. E-commerce has taken affect on how supply and demand functions in markets. Price is a bigger crest on an online purchase than it is in brick and mortar lines.It is much easier for customers to search for a product and the cost of them doing their research is greatly decreased. A customer is able to see all or most of the products that argon available and are slowly able to compare them side-by-side. Many retailers do not call for brand recognition. This is due to the somewhat high tu rn around in the internet business along with newer existence of e-commerce. Online stores whitethorn not be able to exist in markets that agree high demand products where the consumers call for the product now. For this reason, in that respect are not many online markets for perishable products.This is due to the delay because of shipping needs to occur and the high cost of nimble shipping. There is a lower cost for e-commerce because you have less viewgraph and you do not need to go through a lay man to get your product. Many internet stores will sell to customers that feel nowhere near their physical location. This allows a company to break into a whole new audience that they would not have been able to develop with just one physical store. A deterrent for using an online store is the time it takes to get a product after it has been ordered.Most physical items that pot be delivered through an online store are also available at a brick and mortar store. Consumers will weig h the opportunity cost of wait to determine if it is worth the wait. For this reason, some brick and mortar stores can justify high prices for high demand products. A risk that some businesses run into is their consumers face-to-face information. There is an extra cost the secure their consumers information. Information like an court or a consumers social security number may be stored in the online system so it is important to protect this information.A extensive benefit from using a business through e-commerce is that there is a lower distribution cost. This often occurs because certain areas of the supply chain have been removed. The development of the internet has made it much easier to track trends. This means that there are fewer inventories that need to be main(prenominal)tained because we can easily determine when certain products will be bought. Since there is al shooty a delay because of shipping times, it is less of a problem when something is out of furrow versus a brick and mortar store. (Lieber, 2011)Barnes &038 Noble has been able to keep up with its main competitors Amazon and Google by investing in its Nook e-business and developing an online store for physical books and e-books. Over the second quarter in 2012, Barnes &038 Nobles digital center tax grew 38 percent during the second quarter, but that was down from a 46 percent increase in the fiscal first quarter. (Anderson, 2012) patronage the shortcomings of the most recent fiscal quarter, the overall stock for Barnes &038 Noble has increase by 11 percent throughout the past year.Barnes &038 Nobles e-business continues to be challenged by the further development of Apples iPad Mini, new Amazon Kindles and Googles Nexus tablet. Barnes &038 Noble has done fairly well to keep up with the e-business competition and has only lost 3 percent in revenue from brick and mortar stores. (Anderson, 2012) Where Barnes &038 Noble falls short is their lack of apps for their tablets. Some of the for mer(a) tablets are selling better because they are multi-functional whereas the Nook primarily functions to read books and magazines.Barnes &038 Noble has done well to keep up with the competition and avow a viable stronghold in the bookstore industry. ? References Anderson, M. (2012). Barnes &038 Noble reports net income for 2Q. Retrieved from http//www. miamiherald. com/2012/11/29/3118537/barnes-noble-reports-net- income. htmlstorylink=cpy Lieber, E. , Syverson, C. (2011). Onlive vs. Offline Competition Prepared for the Oxford Handbook of the digital Economy. Retrieved from http//home. uchicago. edu/syverson/onlinevsoffline. pdf

Help for Various as Level History Essays

version 1. 1 abc General Certificate of didactics AS recital 1041 Unit 1 HIS1C The Reformation in Europe, c15001564 intention avoidance 2009 examination June series This firebrand scheme uses the new bouting system which is being introduced for examinations from June 2010 The specimen legal opinion fabrics ar provided to give centres a reasonable idea of the general shape and character of the planned driving force papers and give away schemes in advance of the operational exams. Further copies of this dough aim are available to download from the AQA Website www. qa. org. uk Copyright 2009 AQA and its licensors. All rights reserved. right of first publication AQA retains the copyright on all its publications. However, registered centres for AQA are permitted to copy material from this folder for their own internal use, with the following important exception AQA can non give permit to centres to photocopy any material that is acknowledged to a third company counterb alance for internal use within the centre. Set and published by the Assessment and Qualifications Alliance.The Assessment and Qualifications Alliance (AQA) is a company confine by guarantee registered in England and Wales (company number 3644723) and a registered charity (registered charity number 1073334). Registered citation AQA, Devas Street, Manchester M15 6EX Dr Michael Cresswell Director General biography AQA GCE all-day sucker Scheme prototype (June 2010 onwards) generic Introduction for AS The AS History specification is base on the assessment objectives laid down in QCAs GCE History subject criteria and published in the AQA specification booklet.These c everyplace the skills, knowledge and disposition which are expected of A Level candidates. Most minds address to a greater close than one objective since historic skills, which include knowledge and brain, are unremarkably deployed together. Consequently, the marking scheme which follows is a takes of reply sch eme and assesses candidates historical skills in the mise en scene of use of their knowledge and cause of History. The levels of response are a have recognition of how candidates have staged their abilities in the Assessment Objectives.Candidates who predominantly address AO1(a) by writing narrative or description bequeath dress at Level 1 or Level 2 depending on its relevance. Candidates who provide more explanation (AO1(b), desex uped by the germane(predicate) option of material, AO1(a)) result perform at high Level 2 or low-mid Level 3 depending on how pellucid they are in their response to the read/write head. Candidates who provide explanation with evaluation, discernment and an awareness of historical interpretations leave alone be addressing all 3 AOs (AO1(a) AO1(b) AO2(a) and (b) and bequeath have access to the higher mark throws.AO2(a) which requires the evaluation of source material is assessed in Unit 2. Differentiation in the midst of Levels 3, 4 a nd 5 is judged according to the extent to which candidates meet this range of assessment objectives. At Level 3 the answers leave alone arrangement more characteristics of the AO1 objectives, although on that point should be elements of AO2. At Level 4, AO2 criteria, oddly an brain of how the past has been interpreted, exit be more in distinguish and this impart be even more dominant at Level 5.The demands on indite intercourse, tokenly the cheek of ideas and the use of specialist vocabulary also increase by the various levels so that a candidate performing at the highest AS level is already well prepared for the demands of A2. 3 History AQA GCE observe Scheme SPECIMEN (June 2010 onwards) CRITERIA FOR MARKING GCE HISTORY AS EXAMINATION document General Guidance for Examiners (to accompany Level Descriptors) Deciding on a level and the award of marks within a levelIt is of vital brilliance that examiners familiarise themselves with the generic mark scheme and apply it consistently, as tell by the Principal Examiner, in order to facilitate comparability across options. The indicative mark scheme for each paper is designed to exemplify or so of the material that candidates might refer to (knowledge) and nigh of the approaches and ideas they might create (skills). It is not, however, prescriptive and should moreover be used to exemplify the generic mark scheme. When applying the generic mark scheme, examiners depart constantly need to exercise judgement to decide which level fits an answer best.Few acts go forth pomp all the characteristics of a level, so deciding the al about appropriate testament always be the first task. Each level has a range of marks and for an essay which has a strong cor sexual congress with the level descriptors the middle mark should be given. However, when an answer has some of the characteristics of the level above or below, or seems stronger or weaker on comparison with many other candidates responses to the same question, the mark leave behind need to be familiarised up or down. When deciding on the mark within a level, the following criteria should be considered in relation to the level descriptors.Candidates should never be doubly penalised. If a candidate with vile communication skills has been placed in Level 2, he or she should not be moved to the bottom of the level on the basis of the inadequate quality of indite communication. On the other hand, a candidate with also poor skills, whose run away otherwise matched the criteria for Level 4 should be adjusted downwards within the level. Criteria for deciding marks within a level The accuracy of factual information The level of detail The depth and precision displayed The quality of relate and argumentsThe quality of written communication (grammar, spelling, punctuation and legibility an appropriate form and style of writing trig and reproducible boldness of ideas, including the use of specialist vocabulary) Appropriate references to historical interpretation and debate The demonstration 4 History AQA GCE recognize Scheme SPECIMEN (June 2010 onwards) Specimen tick off Scheme for examinations in June 2010 onwards GCE AS History Unit 1 Change and Consolidation HIS1C The Reformation in Europe, c15001564 Question 1 01 explain why Luther attacked the sale of indulgences in 1517. (12 marks) Target AO1(a), AO1(b) Generic Mark SchemeNothing written proper of credit. 0 L1 Answers will contain both(prenominal) some descriptive material which is only by and large link to the rivet of the question or some explicit chit chat with inadequate, if any, appropriate support. Answers are likely to be generalised and assertive. The response will be exceptional in phylogenesis and skills of written communication will be weak. 1-2 L2 Answers will demonstrate some knowledge and apprehension of the demands of the question. They will all be al just about tout ensemble descriptive with hardly a(prenominal) explicit links to the question or they will provide some explanations backed by turn up that is limited in range and/or depth.Answers will be coherent solely infirm denotative and/or poorly structured. 3-6 L3 Answers will demonstrate smashing understanding of the demands of the question providing relevant explanations backed by fittingly selected information, although this whitethorn not be full or comprehensive. Answers will, for the close part, be intelligibly evince and show some organisation in the notification of material. 7-9 L4 Answers will be well- steeringed, identifying a range of specific explanations, backed by precise attest and demonstrating good understanding of the connections and links between events/ retail stores.Answers will, for the most part, be well-written and organised. 10-12 declarative mood field Candidates will need to be able to link Luthers own intellectual germinatement with the wider policy-making and religious context. Lut hers repugnance towards indulgences had hardened from about 1513 as he developed his solifidian ideas. In particular, their issue had no scriptural basis. However, the formulation of the 95 Theses was sparked off by the ravening peddling of indulgences by the Dominican Johannes Tetzel at Juterbog, not removed from Wittenberg plainly outside the jurisdiction of Electoral Saxony.Concern, therefore, for the mortal souls of innocent dupes was thus a catalyst for Luthers protest. On the other hand, Luthers initial objections were as much the product of the scale of sale and the style of salesmanship as it was a product of a considered theological analysis. The scale of the operation was a instant of the indebtedness of both Pope Leo X, on account not only of his extravagant lifestyle solely also the spiralling cost of rebuild St. Peters, and the 5 History AQA GCE Mark Scheme SPECIMEN (June 2010 onwards)Archbishop of Mainz, in capacious debt to the Fuggers because of the amount he had borrowed to secure the simoniacal acquisition of the archbishopric. Tetzels sales pitching had included the claim of plenary remission of sins as heinous as raping the Virgin Mary. Question 1 02 How far was the victor of the Lutheran movement in Germany due to the reformers use of the printing press in the geezerhood 1517 to 1555? (24 marks) Target AO1(a), AO1(b), AO2(b) Generic Mark Scheme Nothing written worthy of credit. 0 L1Answers whitethorn all contain some descriptive material which is only loosely linked to the focus of the question or they may address only a part of the question. Alternatively, there may be some explicit comment with little, if any, appropriate support. Answers are likely to be generalised and assertive. there will be little, if any, awareness of differing historical interpretations. The response will be limited in developing and skills of written communication will be weak. 1-6 L2 Answers will show some understanding of the focus of the question. They will either be almost all in all descriptive with few explicit links to the question or they may contain some explicit comment with relevant but limited support. They will display limited understanding of differing historical interpretations. Answers will be coherent but washy evince and/or poorly structured. 7-11 L3 Answers will show a developed understanding of the demands of the question. They will provide some assessment, backed by relevant and suitably selected conclusion, but they will lack depth and/or balance.There will be some understanding of varying historical interpretations. Answers will, for the most part, be understandably expressed and show some organisation in the initiation of material. 12-16 L4 Answers will show explicit understanding of the demands of the question. They will develop a fit argument backed by a good range of suitably selected evidence and a good understanding of historical interpretations. Answers will, for the most part, show organisat ion and good skills of written communication. 17-21 L5 Answers will be well-focused and nearly argued.The arguments will be supported by precisely selected evidence conduct to a relevant conclusion/judgement, incorporating well-developed understanding of historical interpretations and debate. Answers will, for the most part, be guardedly organised and fluently written, using appropriate vocabulary. 22-24 declarative mood content Printing had a fundamental role in the success of the Lutheran movement this can be traced back to November 1517 when Luthers 95 Theses were translated and printed in numerous editions, suggesting the existence of an avid and informed readership History AQA GCE Mark Scheme SPECIMEN (June 2010 onwards) the 1520 pamphlets sold in large numbers game and were crucial in disseminating Luthers theological ideas and their relationship to the contemporary political context Luther and his colleagues continued to publish widely, his translation of the Bible proved very powerful and the Lutheran message was spread visually in huge numbers of woodcuts, which meant that the message could be assimilated by the illiterate as well as the literate n contrast, the Catholic Church responded rather slowly at first to the Lutheran challenge in the short-term, at any rate, its development of the potential offered by the new technology left much to be desired. Other factors The grandness of printing should be placed in the context of a range of other factors, including the political impetus created by the support for Luther of many German princes the problems faced by Charles V which prevented his prioritising the destruction of the Lutheran threat before 1546 and also prevented him from achieving a triumph even though he had been militarily no-hit he appeal of Luthers ideas the accessible cushion of Luthers teaching (at least until 1525) the impact of preaching the parting of other reformers, such(prenominal) as Melanchthon. 7 History AQA GCE Mark Scheme SPECIMEN (June 2010 onwards) Question 2 03 Explain why the Anabaptists were mashed in Munster in 1535. (12 marks) Target AO1(a), AO1(b) Generic Mark Scheme Nothing written worthy of credit. 0 L1 Answers will contain either some descriptive material which is only loosely linked to the focus of the question or some explicit comment with little, if any, appropriate support.Answers are likely to be generalised and assertive. The response will be limited in development and skills of written communication will be weak. 1-2 L2 Answers will demonstrate some knowledge and understanding of the demands of the question. They will either be almost entirely descriptive with few explicit links to the question or they will provide some explanations backed by evidence that is limited in range and/or depth. Answers will be coherent but weakly expressed and/or poorly structured. 3-6 L3Answers will demonstrate good understanding of the demands of the question providing relevant ex planations backed by appropriately selected information, although this may not be full or comprehensive. Answers will, for the most part, be clearly expressed and show some organisation in the presentation of material. 7-9 L4 Answers will be well-focused, identifying a range of specific explanations, backed by precise evidence and demonstrating good understanding of the connections and links between events/issues. Answers will, for the most part, be well-written and organised. 10-12 asserting(a) contentCandidates might include some of the following factors all authority, both blase and religious, appeared to be challenged by the rule of the Saints in Munster and this encouraged the traditional administration to take violent action traditional morality was challenged with the introduction of polygamy and was regarded with particular repugnance by socially conservative rulers, both Lutheran and Catholic property rights were challenged with the introduction of a form of communis m which was a trail challenge to the basis on which traditional rulership was conducted all existing political authority was rejected.This was a threat which could not be ignored by both the Catholic Bishop and the Lutheran Philip of Hesse. The Anabaptists rejected Bibliocentrism and stressed instead put divine inspiration, which tended conveniently to reinforce the above points. The result was a spectacular and apocalyptic movement which frightened Catholics and Lutherans alike. This even led the Landgrave of Hesse, the political leader of the Lutheran movement, and the Bishop of Munster to set aside their differences in order to join forces to suppress the Saints. 8 History AQA GCE Mark Scheme SPECIMEN (June 2010 onwards)Question 2 04 How far was the success of the Genevan Reformation to 1564 a result of Calvins actions against his opponents? (24 marks) Target AO1(a), AO1(b), AO2(b) Generic Mark Scheme Nothing written worthy of credit. 0 L1 Answers may either contain some desc riptive material which is only loosely linked to the focus of the question or they may address only a part of the question. Alternatively, there may be some explicit comment with little, if any, appropriate support. Answers are likely to be generalised and assertive. There will be little, if any, awareness of differing historical interpretations.The response will be limited in development and skills of written communication will be weak. 1-6 L2 Answers will show some understanding of the focus of the question. They will either be almost entirely descriptive with few explicit links to the question or they may contain some explicit comment with relevant but limited support. They will display limited understanding of differing historical interpretations. Answers will be coherent but weakly expressed and/or poorly structured. 7-11 L3 Answers will show a developed understanding of the demands of the question.They will provide some assessment, backed by relevant and appropriately selected evidence, but they will lack depth and/or balance. There will be some understanding of varying historical interpretations. Answers will, for the most part, be clearly expressed and show some organisation in the presentation of material. 12-16 L4 Answers will show explicit understanding of the demands of the question. They will develop a balanced argument backed by a good range of appropriately selected evidence and a good understanding of historical interpretations. Answers will, for the most part, show organisation and good skills of written communication. 7-21 L5 Answers will be well-focused and closely argued. The arguments will be supported by precisely selected evidence leading to a relevant conclusion/judgement, incorporating well-developed understanding of historical interpretations and debate. Answers will, for the most part, be carefully organised and fluently written, using appropriate vocabulary. 22-24 Indicative content Calvin, once he had recovered from early setbacks, made short work of religious opponents, such as Castellio, Bolsec and Servetus. His triumph over Perrin and the Libertines demonstrated the extent of his political as well as his theological control over Geneva.The discipline thus engendered made Geneva an even more successful centre of reform, becoming in effect the hub of a huge missional movement. Other factors help to explain the success of reform in Geneva, including the importance of Calvins writing and preaching should not be underestimated church organisation was important in holstering reform in Geneva 9 History AQA GCE Mark Scheme SPECIMEN (June 2010 onwards) Calvins authority was bolstered by such institutions as the Consistory and the Grabeau the assistance of the Genevan Council, once it had been purged of Calvins opponents, was critical he Genevan honorary society became an important institution for the training of Calvinist clergy, though, as it was only founded in 1559, its impact by 1564 was necessarily limi ted. Question 3 05 Explain why many new orders developed within the Catholic Church in the early sixteenth century (before 1540). (12 marks) Target AO1(a), AO1(b) Generic Mark Scheme Nothing written worthy of credit. 0 L1 Answers will contain either some descriptive material which is only loosely linked to the focus of the question or some explicit comment with little, if any, appropriate support.Answers are likely to be generalised and assertive. The response will be limited in development and skills of written communication will be weak. 1-2 L2 Answers will demonstrate some knowledge and understanding of the demands of the question. They will either be almost entirely descriptive with few explicit links to the question or they will provide some explanations backed by evidence that is limited in range and/or depth. Answers will be coherent but weakly expressed and/or poorly structured. 3-6 L3Answers will demonstrate good understanding of the demands of the question providing releva nt explanations backed by appropriately selected information, although this may not be full or comprehensive. Answers will, for the most part, be clearly expressed and show some organisation in the presentation of material. 7-9 L4 Answers will be well-focused, identifying a range of specific explanations, backed by precise evidence and demonstrating good understanding of the connections and links between events/issues. Answers will, for the most part, be well-written and organised. 10-12 Indicative contentThe solve of Catholic renewal was exemplified by the initiation and activity of new orders within the Church, mostly in central and Yankee Italy. A number of factors help to explain their emergence there was clearly a rising ghostlyity particularly amongst a number of connected churchmen such as Gaetano di Thiene there was an increasing perception that traditional monasticism was no longer able to provide the spiritual impetus and evangelising which the Church required the re was a willingness on the part of wealthy patrons to support the orders spiritual aims 10 History AQA GCE Mark Scheme SPECIMEN (June 2010 onwards) there is clear evidence that the foundation of some orders was a response to the social calamity which characterised parts of Italy in the 1520s. Question 3 06 How important was the Papacy in reforming the Catholic Church in the years 1534 to 1564? (24 marks) Target AO1(a), AO1(b), AO2(b) Generic Mark Scheme Nothing written worthy of credit. 0 L1 Answers may either contain some descriptive material which is only loosely linked to the focus of the question or they may address only a part of the question. Alternatively, there may be some explicit comment with little, if any, appropriate support.Answers are likely to be generalised and assertive. There will be little, if any, awareness of differing historical interpretations. The response will be limited in development and skills of written communication will be weak. 1-6 L2 Answers will show some understanding of the focus of the question. They will either be almost entirely descriptive with few explicit links to the question or they may contain some explicit comment with relevant but limited support. They will display limited understanding of differing historical interpretations. Answers will be coherent but weakly expressed and/or poorly structured. 7-11 L3Answers will show a developed understanding of the demands of the question. They will provide some assessment, backed by relevant and appropriately selected evidence, but they will lack depth and/or balance. There will be some understanding of varying historical interpretations. Answers will, for the most part, be clearly expressed and show some organisation in the presentation of material. 12-16 L4 Answers will show explicit understanding of the demands of the question. They will develop a balanced argument backed by a good range of appropriately selected evidence and a good understanding of historical interp retations.Answers will, for the most part, show organisation and good skills of written communication. 17-21 Answers will be well-focused and closely argued. The arguments will be supported by precisely selected evidence leading to a relevant conclusion/judgement, incorporating well-developed understanding of historical interpretations and debate. Answers will, for the most part, be carefully organised and fluently written, using appropriate vocabulary. 22-24 L5 Indicative content The impact of the papacy during this period was, at best, variable.Paul III, despite his evident corruption and shortcomings, set up in 1536 the commission which produced the reform proposals contained in the Consiliumde Emendanda Ecclesia. Despite portentous sponsorship, the Consilium achieved only a small proportion of its objectives, which might reinforce a critical stance concerning Paul III as a counselor of reform. On the other hand, he did set up the Council of Trent, though it achieved little dur ing his pontificate. His successor, Julius III, had little interest in reform, though he did keep the Council in session. Paul IV, though genuinely 11History AQA GCE Mark Scheme SPECIMEN (June 2010 onwards) raise in reform, almost destroyed the reforming impetus on account of his divisiveness, antagonising both ecclesiastical colleagues such as Cardinal Morone and key Catholic monarchs such as Charles V, Philip II and Ferdinand. Pius IV managed to assuage Paul IVs bitter legacy and, most importantly, set the Council of Trent back in motion and drove it to a successful conclusion. Other factors assisted the process of reform the effects of the New Orders the early work of the Jesuits the eventual assertiveness of the Council of Trent reforming bishops. 12